Studies undertaken to evaluate long responses to concentrate feeding, normally assess the direct effects (i.e. the effects during the period of increased feeding). However in addition to the direct responses to concentrate feeding during the experimental period, it has been recognised that additional nutrients fed during one stage of lactation may result in improvements in animal performance in later lactation or in the subsequent lactation. Keady et al. (2002) reported that the milk yield response to concentrate proportion in the diet differed between Holstein (HF) and Norwegian (NC) dairy cattle with responses of 1.4 and 0.8 kg corrected milk/kg concentrate dry matter (DM) respectively. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the effects of concentrate proportion in the diet in the previous lactation on animal performance in the subsequent lactation. The effect of concentrate proportion in the diet on animal performance of HF and NC dairy cattle was also evaluated.