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Sister Citizens: Women in Syrian Rebel Governance

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  22 May 2020

Victoria Gilbert Open the ORCID record for Victoria Gilbert [Opens in a new window]
Victoria Gilbert*
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University of Pennsylvania
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Abstract

In the rich literature on women and conflict, many scholars have assumed that the outbreak of civil war suppresses women's political involvement. However, during Syria's civil war, there was significant subnational and temporal variation in the involvement of women in the institutions established by armed groups and civilians in rebel-held areas. Why were some Syrian women able to secure a place for themselves in insurgent governance? How were they able to influence the form of local institutions to secure a role for women? Bringing together the scholarship on social movements and rebel governance, this article argues that two factors determine whether women were able to mobilize politically during conflict: the organizational capacity of women and the strength and ideology of locally active armed groups. The article leverages data on local organizations and institutions in Syria, Syrian news sources, and correspondence with several women's organizations operating in Syria in 2017. By doing so, this article strives to bring attention to the role of gender in the expanding literature on rebel governance. It also highlights the significance of armed groups’ ideologies, an aspect often dismissed in the literature in favor of a focus on material factors.

Keywords

Womengenderrebel governanceinsurgent governancecivil warconflictinstitutionsinstitutional designMiddle EastSyriaconflict processescomparative politics
Type
Research Article
Information
Politics & Gender , Volume 17 , Issue 4 , December 2021 , pp. 552 - 579
Copyright
Copyright © The Women and Politics Research Section of the American Political Science Association 2020

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Footnotes

Earlier versions of this article were presented at the Middle Eastern Studies Association Annual Conference in 2017, the International Studies Association Annual Conference in 2018, and the American Political Science Association Annual Conference in 2018. I want to thank all conference participants for their comments, as well as the anonymous reviewers and editors of Politics & Gender. Particular thanks go to Nour Halabi, Dawn Teele, and Jessica Stanton for their insightful comments and suggestions on earlier drafts of this article.

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