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Incumbency Effects in a Comparative Perspective: Evidence from Brazilian Mayoral Elections

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  04 January 2017

Leandro De Magalhaes
Leandro De Magalhaes*
Affiliation:
Department of Economics, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1TN, UK, e-mail: leandro.demagalhaes@bristol.ac.uk
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Abstract

High rerunning rates among incumbents and among the two major parties allow studies of U.S. incumbency advantage to bypass the selection problem of who chooses to rerun. In countries where rerunning is not widespread among individuals or parties, estimation using methods developed for the United States may result in a sample selection bias. In countries with party switching, there may be a disconnect between party and individual estimates. This article proposes a definition of incumbency advantage that is valid for countries that present any of these characteristics and that is valid for cross-country comparison: the effect of incumbency for an individual politician on the unconditional probability of winning. I illustrate the issues raised in this article with evidence from Brazilian mayoral elections.

Type
Research Article
Information
Political Analysis , Volume 23 , Issue 1 , Winter 2015 , pp. 113 - 126
Copyright
Copyright © The Author 2014. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Society for Political Methodology 

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