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Changes in barley (Hordeum vulgare L. subsp. vulgare) genetic diversity and structure in Jordan over a period of 31 years

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  15 May 2017

I. Thormann ,
P. Reeves ,
S. Thumm ,
A. Reilley ,
J. M. M. Engels ,
C. M. Biradar ,
U. Lohwasser ,
A. Börner ,
K. Pillen  and
C. M. Richards
I. Thormann*
Affiliation:
Bioversity International, Via dei Tre Denari 472/A, 00057 Maccarese Rome, Italy
P. Reeves
Affiliation:
United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, National Center for Genetic Resources Preservation, 1111 South Mason Street, Fort Collins, CO 80521, USA
S. Thumm
Affiliation:
Genebank Department, Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research, Corrensstr. 3, D-06466 Stadt Seeland, OT Gatersleben, Germany
A. Reilley
Affiliation:
United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, National Center for Genetic Resources Preservation, 1111 South Mason Street, Fort Collins, CO 80521, USA
J. M. M. Engels
Affiliation:
Bioversity International, Via dei Tre Denari 472/A, 00057 Maccarese Rome, Italy
C. M. Biradar
Affiliation:
International Center for Agricultural Research in Dry Areas (ICARDA), P.O. Box 950764, Amman 11195, Jordan
U. Lohwasser
Affiliation:
Genebank Department, Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research, Corrensstr. 3, D-06466 Stadt Seeland, OT Gatersleben, Germany
A. Börner
Affiliation:
Genebank Department, Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research, Corrensstr. 3, D-06466 Stadt Seeland, OT Gatersleben, Germany
K. Pillen
Affiliation:
Plant Breeding, Institute for Agricultural and Nutritional Science, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Betty-Heimann-Str. 3, 06120 Halle/Saale, Germany
C. M. Richards
Affiliation:
United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, National Center for Genetic Resources Preservation, 1111 South Mason Street, Fort Collins, CO 80521, USA
*
* Corresponding author. E-mail: i.thormann@cgiar.org
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Abstract

In many regions of the world, the cultivation of landraces is still common, in particular in centres of crop diversity. Significant effort has been put into ex situ conservation of landraces but limited data exist on the changes in genetic diversity that occur over time in farmers’ fields. We assessed temporal changes in barley landrace diversity in Jordan using seed samples collected in 1981 and 2012 from the same locations. We did not observe significant changes in the amount of genetic diversity, but samples collected in 2012 were more homogenous and less locally distinct. In two sites, we observed replacement of the old material. We observed a change in phenotype, and phenotypes were found to be more homogeneous among sites in 2012. Climate changed significantly over the study period, becoming hotter and dryer, but we did not identify any correlation between the changes in climate and genetic and phenotypic variations. While the amount of genetic diversity in terms of allelic richness and number of multi-locus genotypes has been maintained, local distinctiveness among landrace barley populations in Jordan was reduced.

Keywords

genetic erosionlandracere-collection
Type
Research Article
Information
Plant Genetic Resources , Volume 16 , Issue 2 , April 2018 , pp. 112 - 126
Copyright
Copyright © NIAB 2017 

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