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In vitro screening of 51 birdsfoot trefoil (Lotus corniculatus L.; Fabaceae) strains for anti-parasitic effects against Haemonchus contortus

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  14 January 2019

Carly D. Barone*
Affiliation:
Department of Fisheries, Animal, and Veterinary Sciences, University of Rhode Island, 120 Flagg Road, CBLS Rm 177, Kingston, RI 02881, USA
Anne M. Zajac
Affiliation:
Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, VA-MD Regional College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Tech, Center for Molecular Medicine and Infectious Diseases, 1410 Prices Fork Road, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA
Sarah M. Ferguson
Affiliation:
Department of Plant Sciences and Entomology, University of Rhode Island, 9 E Alumni Ave, Woodward Hall Rm 236, Kingston, RI 02881,USA
Rebecca N. Brown
Affiliation:
Department of Plant Sciences and Entomology, University of Rhode Island, 9 E Alumni Ave, Woodward Hall Rm 236, Kingston, RI 02881,USA
Jess D. Reed
Affiliation:
Animal Science, University of Wisconsin, Madison, 1675 Observatory Drive, Rm 1146, Madison, WI 53706, USA
Christian G. Krueger
Affiliation:
Animal Science, University of Wisconsin, Madison, 1675 Observatory Drive, Rm 1146, Madison, WI 53706, USA
Katherine H. Petersson
Affiliation:
Department of Fisheries, Animal, and Veterinary Sciences, University of Rhode Island, 120 Flagg Road, CBLS Rm 177, Kingston, RI 02881, USA
*
Author for correspondence: Carly D. Barone, E-mail: carly_barone@my.uri.edu

Abstract

Secondary plant compounds have shown bioactivity against multi-drug resistant Haemonchus contortus in small ruminants. This study screened 51 strains of birdsfoot trefoil (BFT, Lotus corniculatus) crude aqueous extracts (BFT-AqE) for anti-parasitic activity in vitro against egg hatching, and of those 51 strains, 13 were selected for further testing of motility of first (L1) and third stage (L3) larvae, and exsheathment of L3. Proanthocyanidin content ranged between 1.4 and 63.8 mg PAC g−1 powder across the 51 BFT strains. When tested against egg hatching, 21 of the 51 aqueous extracts had an EC50 of 1–2 mg powder mL−1, 70% of the strains were >90% efficacious at 6 mg powder mL−1 and 11 of the strains were 100% efficacious at 3 mg powder mL−1 BFT-AqE. Across the 13 strains tested against L3, efficacy ranged from 0 to 75% exsheathment inhibition, and 17 to 92% L3 motility inhibition at a concentration of 25 mg powder mL−1 BFT-AqE. There was no correlation between the PAC content of BFT powders and the anti-parasitic activity of aqueous extracts, therefore other secondary compounds may have contributed to the observed anti-parasitic effects. Further testing of BFT using bioactivity-driven fractionation and screening of BFT populations for the identified anti-parasitic compounds is needed.

Type
Research Article
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2019 

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