Hostname: page-component-76fb5796d-2lccl Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-04-25T16:12:50.767Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Long/Short Term Influences on Change

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  26 July 2017

Kaustuv Roy
Kaustuv Roy*
Affiliation:
Department of Biology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093
Get access

Extract

Change has been the rule in the history of life. Mammals today dominate the terrestrial habitats where dinosaurs once held sway. In modern oceans, ecologists can study many species of arthropods, but trilobites are long gone. Using data from the fossil record, David Raup estimated that only about one in a thousand species that ever lived on this planet is still alive today (Raup, 1991). On the other hand, the number of species and higher taxa has increased steadily over geologic time. Thus the history of life is essentially a history of turnover of species, lineages and higher taxa over time.

Type
Mechanisms of Evolution
Information
The Paleontological Society Special Publications , Volume 9: Evolution: Investigating the Evidence , 1999 , pp. 309 - 318
Copyright
Copyright © 1999 by The Paleontological Society 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

References Cited

Appleton, R. D. and Palmer, R. 1988. Water-borne stimuli released by predatory crabs and damaged prey induce more predator-resistant shells in a marine gastropod. Proceedings of the National Academy of Science, USA 85:4387–4391.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Elena, S. F., Cooper, V. S., and Lenski, R. E. 1996. Punctuated evolution caused by selection of rare beneficial mutations. Science, 272: 1802–1804.Google Scholar
Grant, B R, and Grant, P. R. 1993. Evolution of Darwin's Finches caused by a rare climatic event. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London, B 251: 111–117.Google Scholar
Jablonski, D. 1993. Mass extinctions: new answers, new questions, p. 47–68, In Lawton, J. H., and May, R. M. (eds.) Extinction Rates, Oxford University Press, Oxford.Google Scholar
Janis, C. M. 1989. A climatic explanation for patterns of evolutionary diversity in ungulate mammals. Palaeontology 32:463–481.Google Scholar
Kauffman, E. G., and Fagerstrom, J. A. 1993. The Phanerozoic evolution of reef diversity, p. 315–329. In Ricklefs, R. E. and Schluter, D. (eds.), Species diversity in ecological communities. University of Chicago Press, Chicago.Google Scholar
Lawton, J H. 1994. What do species do in ecosystems? Oikos 71: 367–374.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Leonard, G. H., Bertness, M. D., and Yund, P. O. 1999. Crab predation, waterborne cues, and inducible defenses in the blue mussel, Mytilus edulis . Ecology 80:1–14.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Miller, A. I. 1998. Biotic transitions in global marine diversity. Science 281:1157–1160.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Raup, D. M. 1991. Extinction: Bad Genes or Bad Luck? Norton, New York.Google Scholar
Smith, F. A., Betancourt, J. L., and Brown, J. H. 1995. Evolution of body size in the woodrat over the past 25,000 years of climate change. Science 270: 2012–2014.Google Scholar
Thayer, C. W. 1983. Sediment -mediated biological disturbance and the evolution of marine benthos. In, Tevesz, M.J.S. and McCall, P. L. (eds.) Biotic interactions in Recent and fossil benthic communities. Plenum, New York Google Scholar
Vermeij, G. J. 1993. A natural history of shells. Princeton University Press, Princeton, New Jersey.Google Scholar
Vermeij, G. J. 1987. Evolution and escalation. Princeton University Press, Princeton, New Jersey.Google Scholar