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Surface Modification and Ablation of Insulators Using a Tunable, Picosecond Mid-Infrared Laser

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  15 February 2011

R. F. Haglund Jr. ,
D. R. Ermer ,
A. H. Lines ,
M. R. Papantonakis ,
H. K. Park  and
O. Yavas
R. F. Haglund Jr.
Affiliation:
Department of Physics and Astronomy and W. M. Keck Foundation Free-Electron Laser CenterVanderbilt University, Nashville TN 37235
D. R. Ermer
Affiliation:
Department of Physics and Astronomy and W. M. Keck Foundation Free-Electron Laser CenterVanderbilt University, Nashville TN 37235
A. H. Lines
Affiliation:
Department of Physics and Astronomy and W. M. Keck Foundation Free-Electron Laser CenterVanderbilt University, Nashville TN 37235
M. R. Papantonakis
Affiliation:
Department of Physics and Astronomy and W. M. Keck Foundation Free-Electron Laser CenterVanderbilt University, Nashville TN 37235
H. K. Park
Affiliation:
Department of Physics and Astronomy and W. M. Keck Foundation Free-Electron Laser CenterVanderbilt University, Nashville TN 37235
O. Yavas
Affiliation:
Department of Physics and Astronomy and W. M. Keck Foundation Free-Electron Laser CenterVanderbilt University, Nashville TN 37235
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Abstract

Ultrashort-pulse lasers with fundamental wavelengths ranging from near-infrared to near-ultraviolet are increasingly being used for laser-induced surface modification of non-metallic solids. The relaxation of the initial electronic excitation into vibrational relaxation modes can produce efficient ablation and other desirable surface modifications with little collateral damage because the laser energy is deposited on a time scale much shorter than thermal diffusion times. Little is known, however, about how ultrashort pulses interact with insulators at wavelengths in the vibrational infrared. This paper describes surface modifications achieved by picosecond laser irradiation in the 2-10 lim range. The laser source was a tunable, free-electron laser (FEL) with I-ps micro-pulses spaced 350 ps apart in a macropulse lasting up to 4 μs, with an average power of up to 3 W. This unusual pulse structure makes possible novel tests of the influences vs fluence and intensity, as well as the effects of resonant vibrational excitation. As model materials systems, we studied calcium carbonate, its isoelectronic cousin sodium nitrate, and fused silica. Particularly intriguing are surface modifications achieved by tuning the laser into vibrational resonances and overtones of the target materials, or by tailoring the energy content of the pulse. The mechanisms underlying these effects, and their implications for materials-modification strategies, are discussed.

Type
Research Article
Information
MRS Online Proceedings Library (OPL) , Volume 526: Symposium Y – Advances in Laser Ablation of Materials , 1998 , 3
Copyright
Copyright © Materials Research Society 1998

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