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Processing and Properties of Nanophase Oxides

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  21 February 2011

J. A. Eastman ,
Y. X. Liao ,
A. Narayanasamy  and
R. W. Siegel
J. A. Eastman
Affiliation:
Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439–4838.
Y. X. Liao
Affiliation:
Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439–4838.
A. Narayanasamy
Affiliation:
Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439–4838.
R. W. Siegel
Affiliation:
Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439–4838.
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Abstract

Nanophase oxides (Al2O3, MgO, ZnO and TiO2), with typical grain sizes in the range 2–20 nm, have been synthesized by the condensation of ultrafine particles in a convective inert gas followed by their collection and in-situ consolidation in vacuum at ambient temperature. These new materials, owing to the reduced scale of their grains along with the enhanced cleanliness of their grain boundaries, are found to have significantly improved properties relative to those of their coarser-grained, conventionally-prepared counterparts. Nanophase rutile (TiO2) with an initial mean grain diameter of 12 nm, for example, has been found to sinter at 400 to 600°C lower temperatures than conventional rutile powders, without the need for compacting or sintering aids, while retaining a small grain size. Additionally, the importance of the extremely clean surfaces obtained with the gas condensation method has been demonstrated by comparing the sintering behavior of powders with and without air exposure prior to consolidation. The research completed on the processing and properties of nanophase ceramics is reviewed, and the potential for engineering advanced ceramics using the nanophase processing method is discussed.

Type
Research Article
Information
MRS Online Proceedings Library (OPL) , Volume 155: Symposium L – Processing Science of Advanced Ceramics , 1989 , 255
Copyright
Copyright © Materials Research Society 1989

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References

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