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Phases Driven Far From Equilibrium by Applying Mechanical Energy: Phase Transformations to γ-PbSnF4 Upon Ball Milling
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 10 February 2011
Abstract
The technique of ball milling has been applied to various phases of superionic PbSnF4, namely on (i): highly stressed tetragonal α-PbSnF 4(aq1) obtained by precipitation from aqueous solutions, (ii): highly stressed tetragonal α-PbSnF4(aq2) obtained by reaction of a solid with an aqueous solution, (iii): stressed orthorhombic o-PbSnF4 obtained by precipitation from aqueous solutions, (iv): non-stressed tetragonal α-PbSnF4(ssr) obtained by direct reaction between SnF2 and PbF2 at high temperature, and on (v): non-stressed tetragonal β-PbSnF4 obtained by direct reaction between SnF2 and PbF2 at high temperature. In all cases, transformation to microcrystalline cubic γ-PbSnF4 is observed very rapidly. This is a unique method for stabilizing high temperature γ-PbSnF4 at ambient temperature, which cannot be done by conventional methods, such as quenching. The phases obtained are totally disordered, microcrystalline, and have the memory of their origin.
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