Hostname: page-component-76fb5796d-dfsvx Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-04-25T17:41:35.233Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Periodic Two-dimensional Arrays of Silicon Quantum Dots for Nanoscale Device Applications

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  11 February 2011

Christopher C. Striemer
Affiliation:
Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Rochester Rochester, NY 14627, U.S.A.
Rishikesh Krishnan
Affiliation:
Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Rochester Rochester, NY 14627, U.S.A.
Qianghua Xie
Affiliation:
Process and Material Characterization Laboratory, Semiconductor Product Sector, 2200 West Broadway, Mesa, AZ, 85202, U.S.A.
Leonid Tsybeskov
Affiliation:
Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology Newark, NJ 07102, U.S.A.
Philippe M. Fauchet
Affiliation:
Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Rochester Rochester, NY 14627, U.S.A.
Get access

Abstract

We report a successful unification of standard lithographic approaches (top down), anisotropic etching of atomically smooth surfaces, and controlled crystallization of silicon quantum dots (bottom up) to produce silicon nanoclusters at desired locations. These results complement our previous demonstration of silicon nanocrystal uniformity in size, shape, and crystalline orientation in nanocrystalline silicon (nc-Si)/SiO2 superlattices, and could lead to practical applications of silicon nanocrystals in electronic devices. The goal of this study was to induce silicon nanocrystal nucleation at specific lateral sites in a continuous amorphous silicon (a-Si) film. Nearly all previous studies of silicon nanocrystals are based on films containing isolated nanocrystals with random lateral position and spacing. The ability to define precise two-dimensional arrays of quantum dots would allow each quantum dot to be contacted using standard photolithographic techniques, leading to practical device applications like high-density memories. In this work, a template substrate consisting of an array of pyramid-shaped holes in a (100) silicon wafer was formed using standard microfabrication techniques. The geometry of this substrate then influenced the crystallization of an a-Si/SiO2 superlattice that was deposited on it, resulting in preferential nucleation of silicon nanoclusters near the bottom of the pyramid holes. These clusters are clearly visible in transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images, while no clusters have been observed on the planar surface areas of the template. Possible explanations for this selective nucleation and future device structures will be discussed.

Type
Research Article
Copyright
Copyright © Materials Research Society 2003

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

REFERENCES

Schukin, V.A., and Bimberg, D., Reviews of Modern Physics 71, 1125 (1999).Google Scholar
Chen, X.Y., Li, J. R., and Jiang, L., Nanotechnology 11, 108 (2000).Google Scholar
Grohn, F., Kim, G., Bauer, B.J., and Amis, E.J., Macromolecules 34, 2179 (2001).Google Scholar
4. Striemer, C.C., Krishnan, R., Fauchet, P.M., Tsybeskov, L., and Xie, Q., Nano Lett. 1, 643 (2001).Google Scholar
5. Tsybeskov, L., Hirschman, K.D., Duttagupta, S.P., Zacharias, M., Fauchet, P.M., McCaffrey, J.P., and Lockwood, D.J., Appl. Phys. Lett. 72, 43 (1998).Google Scholar
6. Zacharias, M., Tsybeskov, L., Hirschman, K.D., Fauchet, P.M., Blasing, J., Kohlert, P., and Veit, P., Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids 227–230, 1132 (1998).Google Scholar
7. Tsybeskov, L., Grom, G.F., Jungo, M., Montes, L., Fauchet, P.M., McCaffrey, J.P., Baribeau, J.M., Sproule, G.I., and Lockwood, D.J., J. Mat. Sci. Eng. B 69, 303 (2000).Google Scholar
8. Grom, G.F., Lockwood, D.J., McCaffrey, J.P., Labbe, H.J., Fauchet, P.M., White, B., Diener, J., Kovalev, D., Koch, F., Tsybeskov, L., Nature 407, 358 (2000).Google Scholar
9. Zaidi, S.H., Chu, A., and Brueck, S.R.J., Mat. Res. Soc. Proc. 358, 957 (1995).Google Scholar
10. Spallas, J.P., Hawryluk, A.M., and Kania, D.R., J. Vac. Sci. Technol. B 13, 19731978 (1995).Google Scholar
11. Hong, W., Delgado, J.C., Ruiz, O., and Perez-Mendez, V., Mat. Res. Soc. Proc. 356, 209 (1995).Google Scholar
12. Krulevitch, P., Johnson, G.C., and Howe, R.T., Mat. Res. Soc. Proc. 239, 13 (1992).Google Scholar
13. Hu, S.M., J. Appl. Phys. 70, R53 (1991).Google Scholar
14. Ishikawa, Y., Kosugi, M., Tsuchiya, T., and Tabe, M., Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 40, 1866 (2001).Google Scholar
15. Baron, T., Gentile, P., Magnea, N., and Mur, P., Appl. Phys. Lett. 79, 1175 (2001).Google Scholar
16. Dutta, A., Oda, S., Fu, Y., and Willander, M., Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 39, 4647 (2000).Google Scholar
17. Park, J.W., Park, K.S., Lee, B.T., Lee, C.H., Lee, S.D., Choi, J.B., Yoo, K.H., Kim, J., Oh, S.C., Park, S.I., Kim, K.T., and Kim, J.J., Appl. Phys. Lett. 75, 566 (1999).Google Scholar
18. Likharev, K.K., Proc. IEEE 87, 606 (1999).Google Scholar