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Comparison of Structural Analysis and Electrochemical Studies of C-Li4Ti5O12 and CNT-Li4Ti5O12 Nanocomposites particles used as Anode for Lithium Ion Battery

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  17 June 2013

Xiangcheng Sun ,
Xuedong Bai ,
Yongqing Wang ,
M. Hegde ,
I. D. Hosein ,
P. V. Radovanovic ,
Yu Guo Guo  and
Bo Cui
Xiangcheng Sun
Affiliation:
Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Waterloo, Canada
Xuedong Bai
Affiliation:
Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
Yongqing Wang
Affiliation:
Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
M. Hegde
Affiliation:
Department of Chemistry, University of Waterloo, Canada
I. D. Hosein
Affiliation:
Department of Chemistry, University of Waterloo, Canada
P. V. Radovanovic
Affiliation:
Department of Chemistry, University of Waterloo, Canada
Yu Guo Guo
Affiliation:
Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
Bo Cui
Affiliation:
Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Waterloo, Canada
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Abstract

Carbon-Li4Ti5O12 (C-LTO) and carbon nanotube-Li4Ti5O12 (CNT-LTO) nanocomposite particles have been synthesized by hydrothermal method and a following high-temperature calcinations using a mixture of micro-size Li-Ti-O precursors and conducting black and carbon nanotubes, respectively. Two different types of coating layers have been characterized and analyzed on two kinds of Li4Ti5O12 particles surface by high resolution transmission electron microscopy images (HR-TEM) and selected area electron diffraction (SAED). Typical HR-TEM images and SAED patterns at nano-scale confirmed and showed that both particles exhibited a well-developed spinel nanocrystal with average sizes around 20-50 nm. The C-LTO particles exhibited the roughly spherical shape with more than 5 nm graphitic coating uniformly on the spherical surfaces; however, the CNT-LTO particles showed uniform square nanocrystal with edge length around 30 nm and a few layers of graphene covering the surface.

Electrochemical studies of galvanostatic discharge/charge cycling capacity testing indicated that both Li4Ti5O12particles showed the superior initial discharge capacity of more than 200 mA·h/g at 0.1C rate, and also the CNT-LTO particles show much improved specific capacity than that of the C-LTO particles during different cycling processing. It has been proposed that, grephene covering layers and the CNT interconnection networks are prove to increase electronic conductivity and improve the kinetics of Li4Ti5O12 toward fast lithium insertion/extraction. The comparative experimental results demonstrated that both nanoscale grephene layer and CNT inter-networks among particles is highly effective in improving the electrochemical properties of the CNT-LTO particles.

Keywords

nanostructureenergy storagetransmission electron microscopy (TEM)
Type
Articles
Information
MRS Online Proceedings Library (OPL) , Volume 1541: Symposium F – Materials for Vehicular and Grid Energy Storage , 2013 , mrss13-1541-f09-01
Copyright
Copyright © Materials Research Society 2013 

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