Skip to main content Accessibility help

We use cookies to distinguish you from other users and to provide you with a better experience on our websites. Close this message to accept cookies or find out how to manage your cookie settings.

Close cookie message
×
Home
  • Home
Hostname: page-component-559fc8cf4f-sbc4w Total loading time: 0.206 Render date: 2021-02-27T10:30:53.082Z Has data issue: true Feature Flags: { "shouldUseShareProductTool": true, "shouldUseHypothesis": true, "isUnsiloEnabled": true, "metricsAbstractViews": false, "figures": false, "newCiteModal": false, "newCitedByModal": true }
EnglishFrançais
MRS Online Proceedings Library (OPL) MRS Online Proceedings Library (OPL)

Article contents

The Relative Merits of Oxides of Hafnium, Cerium and Thorium as Surrogates for Plutonium Oxide in Calcium Phosphate Ceramics

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  15 February 2011

B. L. Metcalfe ,
S. K. Fong ,
L. A. Gerrard ,
I. W. Donald ,
E. S. Welch ,
M. C. Stennett  and
N. C. Hyatt
B. L. Metcalfe
Affiliation:
MSRD, AWE Aldermaston, Reading, RG7 4PR, UK
S. K. Fong
Affiliation:
MSRD, AWE Aldermaston, Reading, RG7 4PR, UK
L. A. Gerrard
Affiliation:
MSRD, AWE Aldermaston, Reading, RG7 4PR, UK
I. W. Donald
Affiliation:
MSRD, AWE Aldermaston, Reading, RG7 4PR, UK
E. S. Welch
Affiliation:
ISL, Dept. of Engineering Materials, University of Sheffield, S1 3JD, UK
M. C. Stennett
Affiliation:
ISL, Dept. of Engineering Materials, University of Sheffield, S1 3JD, UK
N. C. Hyatt
Affiliation:
ISL, Dept. of Engineering Materials, University of Sheffield, S1 3JD, UK
Get access

Abstract

The choice of surrogate for plutonium oxide for use during the initial stages of research into the immobilization of intermediate level pyrochemical wastes containing plutonium andamericium oxides in a calcium phosphate host has been investigated by powder X-ray diffraction and X-ray absorption spectroscopy. Two non-radioactive surrogates, hafnium oxide and cerium oxide, together with radioactive thorium oxide were compared. Similarities in behaviour were observed for all three surrogates when calcined at the lowest temperature, 750°C but differences became more pronounced as the calcination temperature was increased to 950°C. Although some reaction occurred between all the surrogates and the host to form a substituted whitlockite phase, increasing the temperature led to a significant increase in the cerium reaction and the formation of an additional phase, monazite. Additionally it was observed that the cerium became increasingly trivalent at higher temperatures.

Type
Research Article
Information
MRS Online Proceedings Library (OPL) , Volume 1193: Scientific Basis for Nuclear Waste Management XXXIII , 2009 , 79
Copyright
Copyright © Materials Research Society 2009

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below.
If you should have access and can't see this content please contact technical support.

References

1 Bingham, P. A., Hand, R. J., Stennett, M. C., Hyatt, N. C. and Harrison, M. T. in Scientific Basis For Nuclear Waste Management XXXI, edited by Lee, W. E., Roberts, J. W., Hyatt, N. C. and Grimes, R. W.. (Mat. Res. Soc. Symp. Proc., 1107, Warrendale PA 2008) pp. 421–428.Google Scholar
2 Harrison, M. T., Scales, C. R., Bingham, P. A. and Hand, R. J. in Scientific Basis For Nuclear Waste Management XXX, edited by Dunn, D. S., Poinssot, C. and Begg., B. (Mat. Res. Soc. Symp. Proc., 985, Warrendale PA 2007) pp. 151–156.Google Scholar
3 Stennett, M. C., Hyatt, N. C., Lee, W. E. and Maddrell, E. R., Ceram. Trans. 176, pp 81–86 (2006).Google Scholar
4 Lopez, C, Deschanels, X., Bart, J. M., Boubals, J. M., C.Den Auwer and E. Simoni, J Nucl. Mater. 312, 76 (2003).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
5 Deschanels, X., Lopez, C., Denauwer, C. and Bart, J. M., in Plutonium Futures- The Science, Ed. Jorvinen, G. D., Amer. Inst. Physics, (2003), pp 59–60 Google Scholar
6 Shannon, R. D., Acta Crystallographica, A32, (1976), pp 751–756.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
7 Donald, I. W., Metcalfe, B. L., and Greedharee, R. S., in Scientific Basis For Nuclear Waste Management XXV, Eds. McGrail, B. P. and Cragnolino, G. A., (Mat. Res. Soc. Symp. Proc., 713, Warrendale PA 2002) pp. 287–293.Google Scholar
8 Larson, A.C. and Von, R.B. Dreele, Los Alamos National Laboratory Report LAUR, pp 86–748 (2000).Google Scholar
9 Toby, B.H., J. Appl. Cryst., 34, (2001), pp 210–213.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Full text views

Full text views reflects PDF downloads, PDFs sent to Google Drive, Dropbox and Kindle and HTML full text views.

Total number of HTML views: 0
Total number of PDF views: 25 *
View data table for this chart

* Views captured on Cambridge Core between September 2016 - 27th February 2021. This data will be updated every 24 hours.

1 Cited by

Send article to Kindle

To send this article to your Kindle, first ensure no-reply@cambridge.org is added to your Approved Personal Document E-mail List under your Personal Document Settings on the Manage Your Content and Devices page of your Amazon account. Then enter the ‘name’ part of your Kindle email address below. Find out more about sending to your Kindle. Find out more about sending to your Kindle.

Note you can select to send to either the @free.kindle.com or @kindle.com variations. ‘@free.kindle.com’ emails are free but can only be sent to your device when it is connected to wi-fi. ‘@kindle.com’ emails can be delivered even when you are not connected to wi-fi, but note that service fees apply.

Find out more about the Kindle Personal Document Service.

The Relative Merits of Oxides of Hafnium, Cerium and Thorium as Surrogates for Plutonium Oxide in Calcium Phosphate Ceramics
Available formats
×

Send article to Dropbox

To send this article to your Dropbox account, please select one or more formats and confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your <service> account. Find out more about sending content to Dropbox.

The Relative Merits of Oxides of Hafnium, Cerium and Thorium as Surrogates for Plutonium Oxide in Calcium Phosphate Ceramics
Available formats
×

Send article to Google Drive

To send this article to your Google Drive account, please select one or more formats and confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your <service> account. Find out more about sending content to Google Drive.

The Relative Merits of Oxides of Hafnium, Cerium and Thorium as Surrogates for Plutonium Oxide in Calcium Phosphate Ceramics
Available formats
×
×

Reply to: Submit a response

Your details

Conflicting interests

Do you have any conflicting interests? *