Skip to main content Accessibility help

We use cookies to distinguish you from other users and to provide you with a better experience on our websites. Close this message to accept cookies or find out how to manage your cookie settings.

Close cookie message
×
Home
  • Home
Hostname: page-component-559fc8cf4f-rz424 Total loading time: 0.298 Render date: 2021-03-01T20:59:41.308Z Has data issue: true Feature Flags: { "shouldUseShareProductTool": true, "shouldUseHypothesis": true, "isUnsiloEnabled": true, "metricsAbstractViews": false, "figures": false, "newCiteModal": false, "newCitedByModal": true }
EnglishFrançais
MRS Online Proceedings Library (OPL) MRS Online Proceedings Library (OPL)

Article contents

Cu Migration and its Impact on the Metastable Behavior of CdTe Solar Cells

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  29 April 2015

Da Guo ,
Richard Akis ,
Daniel Brinkman ,
Andrew Moore ,
Tian Fang ,
Igor Sankin ,
Christian Ringhofer  and
Dragica Vasileska
Da Guo
Affiliation:
School of Electrical, Computer and Energy Engineering, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287, USA
Richard Akis
Affiliation:
School of Electrical, Computer and Energy Engineering, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287, USA
Daniel Brinkman
Affiliation:
School of Mathematical and Statistical Science, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287, USA
Andrew Moore
Affiliation:
Department of Physics, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA
Tian Fang
Affiliation:
First Solar Inc, Perrysburg, Ohio 43551, USA
Igor Sankin
Affiliation:
First Solar Inc, Perrysburg, Ohio 43551, USA
Christian Ringhofer
Affiliation:
School of Mathematical and Statistical Science, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287, USA
Dragica Vasileska
Affiliation:
School of Electrical, Computer and Energy Engineering, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287, USA
Get access

Abstract

In this work, we report on development of one-dimensional reaction-diffusion simulator needed to understand the kinetics of Cu-related metastabilities observed in CdTe PV devices. Evolution of intrinsic and Cu-related defects in CdTe solar cells has been studied in time-space domain self-consistently with free carrier transport. Resulting device performance was simulated as a function of stress time, thus showing pronounced effect that the evolution of associated acceptor and donor states can cause on device characteristics. Although 1D simulation has intrinsic limitations when applied to poly-crystalline films, the results presented confirm the validity and the potential of the approach presented in better understanding of the performance and metastabilities of CdTe photovoltaic devices.

Keywords

Cu simulation photovoltaic
Type
Articles
Information
MRS Online Proceedings Library (OPL) , Volume 1771: Symposium B/C/D/E – Recent Advances in Photovoltaics , 2015 , pp. 59 - 65
Copyright
Copyright © Materials Research Society 2015 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below.
If you should have access and can't see this content please contact technical support.

References

Green, M. A., Emery, K., Hishikawa, Y., Warta, W., and Dunlop, E. D., “Solar cell efficiency tables (Version 45),” Progress in photovoltaics: research and applications, vol. 23, pp. 1–9, 2015.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Corwine, C., Pudov, A., Gloeckler, M., Demtsu, S., and Sites, J., “Copper inclusion and migration from the back contact in CdTe solar cells,” Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells, vol. 82, pp. 481–489, 2004.Google Scholar
Perrenoud, J., Kranz, L., Gretener, C., Pianezzi, F., Nishiwaki, S., Buecheler, S., et al. ., “A comprehensive picture of Cu doping in CdTe solar cells,” Journal of Applied Physics, vol. 114, 2013.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hiltner, J. F. and Sites, J. R., “Stability of CdTe solar cells at elevated temperatures: bias, temperature, and Cu dependence,” in National center for photovoltaics (NCPV) 15th program review meeting, 1999, pp. 170–175.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Teeter, G. and Asher, S., “Modeling Cu migration in CdTe solar cells under device-processing and long-term stability conditions,” in Photovoltaic Specialists Conference, 2008. PVSC'08. 33rd IEEE, 2008, pp. 1–6.Google Scholar
Pudov, A., Gloeckler, M., Demtsu, S., Sites, J., Barth, K., Enzenroth, R., et al. ., “Effect of back-contact copper concentration on CdTe cell operation,” in Proceedings of the 29th IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference, New Orleans, LA, 2002, pp. 760–763.Google Scholar
Demtsu, S., Albin, D., Sites, J., Metzger, W., and Duda, A., “Cu-related recombination in CdS/CdTe solar cells,” Thin Solid Films, vol. 516, pp. 2251–2254, 2008.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Demtsu, S., “Impact of back-contact materials on performance and stability of CdS/CdTe solar cells,” Colorado State University, 2006.
Chou, H., Rohatgi, A., Thomas, E., Kamra, S., and Bhat, A., “Effects of Cu on CdTe/CdS heterojunction solar cells with Au/Cu contacts,” Journal of The Electrochemical Society, vol. 142, pp. 254–259, 1995.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Chou, H. C., Rohatgi, A., Jokerst, N. M., Thomas, E. W., and Kamra, S., “Copper migration in CdTe heterojunction solar cells,” Journal of Electronic Materials, vol. 25, pp. 1093–1098, Jul 1996.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ma, J., Wei, S.-H., Gessert, T. A., and Chin, K. K., “Carrier density and compensation in semiconductors with multiple dopants and multiple transition energy levels: Case of Cu impurities in CdTe,” Physical Review B, vol. 83, 2011.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wei, S.-H. and Zhang, S., “Chemical trends of defect formation and doping limit in II-VI semiconductors: The case of CdTe,” Physical Review B, vol. 66, 2002.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hu, S., “Nonequilibrium point defects and diffusion in silicon,” Materials Science and Engineering: R: Reports, vol. 13, pp. 105–192, 1994.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Fahey, P. M., Griffin, P. B., and Plummer, J. D., “Point defects and dopant diffusion in silicon,” Reviews of Modern Physics, vol. 61, pp. 289–384, 1989.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gloeckler, M., Fahrenbruch, A., and Sites, J., “Numerical modeling of CIGS and CdTe solar cells: setting the baseline,” in Photovoltaic Energy Conversion, 2003. Proceedings of 3rd World Conference on, 2003, pp. 491–494.Google Scholar
Guo, D., Akis, R., Brinkman, D., Sankin, I., Fang, T., Vasileska, D., et al. ., “One-dimensional reaction-diffusion simulation of Cu migration in polycrystalline CdTe solar cells,” in Photovoltaic Specialist Conference (PVSC), 2014 IEEE 40th, 2014, pp. 2011–2015.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Akis, R., Brinkman, D., Sankin, I., Fang, T., Guo, D., Vasileska, D., et al. ., “Extracting Cu diffusion parameters in polycrystalline CdTe,” in Photovoltaic Specialist Conference (PVSC), 2014 IEEE 40th, 2014, pp. 3276–3281.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Full text views

Full text views reflects PDF downloads, PDFs sent to Google Drive, Dropbox and Kindle and HTML full text views.

Total number of HTML views: 0
Total number of PDF views: 11 *
View data table for this chart

* Views captured on Cambridge Core between September 2016 - 1st March 2021. This data will be updated every 24 hours.

Send article to Kindle

To send this article to your Kindle, first ensure no-reply@cambridge.org is added to your Approved Personal Document E-mail List under your Personal Document Settings on the Manage Your Content and Devices page of your Amazon account. Then enter the ‘name’ part of your Kindle email address below. Find out more about sending to your Kindle. Find out more about sending to your Kindle.

Note you can select to send to either the @free.kindle.com or @kindle.com variations. ‘@free.kindle.com’ emails are free but can only be sent to your device when it is connected to wi-fi. ‘@kindle.com’ emails can be delivered even when you are not connected to wi-fi, but note that service fees apply.

Find out more about the Kindle Personal Document Service.

Cu Migration and its Impact on the Metastable Behavior of CdTe Solar Cells
Available formats
×

Send article to Dropbox

To send this article to your Dropbox account, please select one or more formats and confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your <service> account. Find out more about sending content to Dropbox.

Cu Migration and its Impact on the Metastable Behavior of CdTe Solar Cells
Available formats
×

Send article to Google Drive

To send this article to your Google Drive account, please select one or more formats and confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your <service> account. Find out more about sending content to Google Drive.

Cu Migration and its Impact on the Metastable Behavior of CdTe Solar Cells
Available formats
×
×

Reply to: Submit a response

Your details

Conflicting interests

Do you have any conflicting interests? *