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Stabilizing the surface of lithium metal

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  09 May 2014

J.T. Vaughey
Affiliation:
Argonne National Laboratory, IL, USA; vaughey@anl.gov
Gao Liu
Affiliation:
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, CA, USA; gliu@lbl.gov
Ji-Guang Zhang
Affiliation:
Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, WA, USA; jiguang.zhang@pnnl.gov
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Abstract

The success of high capacity energy storage systems based on lithium (Li) batteries relies on the realization of the promise of Li-metal anodes. Li metal has many advantageous properties, including an extremely high theoretical specific capacity (3860 mAh g–1), the lowest electrochemical potential (–3.040 V versus standard hydrogen electrode), and low density (0.59 g cm–3), which, all together, make it a very desirable electrode for energy storage devices. However, while primary Li batteries are used for numerous commercial applications, rechargeable Li-metal batteries that utilize Li-metal anodes have not been as successful. This article discusses the properties of Li metal in the absence of surface stabilization, as well as three different approaches currently under investigation for stabilizing the surface of Li metal to control its reactivity within the electrochemical environment of a Li-based battery.

Type
Research Article
Copyright
Copyright © Materials Research Society 2014 

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