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Some Recent Findings On Marble Conservation By Aqueous Solutions Of Diammonium Hydrogen Phosphate

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  16 January 2017

Enrico Sassoni ,
Gabriela Graziani ,
Elisa Franzoni  and
George W. Scherer
Enrico Sassoni*
Affiliation:
Department of Civil, Chemical, Environmental and Materials Engineering (DICAM), University of Bologna, Via Terracini 28, 40131, Bologna, Italy
Gabriela Graziani
Affiliation:
Department of Civil, Chemical, Environmental and Materials Engineering (DICAM), University of Bologna, Via Terracini 28, 40131, Bologna, Italy
Elisa Franzoni
Affiliation:
Department of Civil, Chemical, Environmental and Materials Engineering (DICAM), University of Bologna, Via Terracini 28, 40131, Bologna, Italy
George W. Scherer
Affiliation:
Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering (CEE), Princeton University, 69 Olden Street, 08542, Princeton (NJ), U.S.A.
*
*(Email: enrico.sassoni2@unibo.it)
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Abstract

Given the lack of satisfying treatments for consolidating marble affected by thermally induced grain detachment (the so-called "sugaring"), the use of aqueous solutions of diammonium hydrogen phosphate (DAP) has recently been proposed. The idea is to form a new binding mineral (hydroxyapatite, HAP) as the reaction product between the DAP solution and the calcitic substrate. In this study, we investigated the effects of adding small quantities of ethanol (EtOH) to the DAP solution, with the aim of favoring HAP formation. The results of the study indicate that, when a 0.1 M DAP and 0.1 mM CaCl2 solution in 10 vol% EtOH is used, complete coverage of marble surface with a crack-free coating with reduced porosity is achieved (whereas no coating is formed without EtOH addition). This is thought to be a consequence of the weakening of hydration shells of phosphate ions in the DAP solution, thanks to the presence of ethanol molecules. When used to restore mechanical properties of weathered marble, the treatment with 10 vol% EtOH was found to significantly improve the dynamic elastic modulus after a single application and to completely restore it after a second application.

Keywords

adhesioncoatingethanol
Type
Articles
Information
MRS Advances , Volume 2 , Issue 37-38: Materials Issues in Art and Archaeology XI , 2017 , pp. 2021 - 2026
Copyright
Copyright © Materials Research Society 2017 

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References

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