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Fluorine in igneous rocks and minerals with emphasis on ultrapotassic mafic and ultramafic magmas and their mantle source regions

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  05 July 2018

A. D. Edgar ,
L. A. Pizzolato  and
J. Sheen
A. D. Edgar
Affiliation:
Department of Earth Sciences, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada N6A 5B7
L. A. Pizzolato
Affiliation:
Department of Earth Sciences, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada N6A 5B7
J. Sheen
Affiliation:
Department of Earth Sciences, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada N6A 5B7
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Abstract

In reviewing the distribution of fluorine in igneous rocks it is clear that F abundance is related to alkalinity and to some extent to volatile contents. Two important F-bearing series are recognized: (1) the alkali basalt—ultrapotassic rocks in which F increases with increasing K2O and decreasing SiO2 contents; and (2) the alkali basalt—phonolite—rhyolite series with F showing positive correlation with both total alkalis and SiO2. Detailed studies of series (1) show that F abundance in ultrapotassic magmas (lamproite, kamafugite, lamprophyre) occurs in descending order in the sequence phlogopite>apatite>amphibole>glass. Fluorine contents in the same minerals from fresh and altered mantle xenoliths may be several orders of magnitude less than those in the host kamafugite. For many lamproites, F contents correlate with higher mg# suggesting that F is highest in the more primitive magmas.

Experiments at mantle conditions (20 kbar, 900–1400°C) on simplified F-bearing mineral systems containing phlogopite, apatite, K-richterite, and melt show that F is generally a compatible element. Additionally, low F abundance in minerals from mantle xenoliths suggests that F may not be available in mantle source regions and hence is unlikely to partition into the melt phase on partial melting. Melting experiments on the compositions of F-free and F-bearing model phlogopite harzburgite indicate that even small variations in F content produce melts similar in composition to those of lamproite.

Keywords

fluorineigneous rocksmafic magmasultramafic magmas
Type
Halogen Mineralogy and Geochemistry
Information
Mineralogical Magazine , Volume 60 , Issue 399 , April 1996 , pp. 243 - 257
Copyright
Copyright © The Mineralogical Society of Great Britain and Ireland 1996

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