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Behaviour of ThSiO4 during hydrothermal alteration of raremetal rich lithologies from peralkaline rocks

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  02 January 2018

R. Macdonald ,
B. Bagiński ,
P. M. Kartashov  and
D. Zozulya
R. Macdonald*
Affiliation:
Institute of Geochemistry, Mineralogy and Petrology, University of Warsaw, 02-089 Warsaw, Poland Environment Centre, Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YQ, UK
B. Bagiński
Affiliation:
Institute of Geochemistry, Mineralogy and Petrology, University of Warsaw, 02-089 Warsaw, Poland
P. M. Kartashov
Affiliation:
Institute of Ore Deposits, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119107, Russia
D. Zozulya
Affiliation:
Geological Institute, Kola Science Centre, Russian Academy of Sciences, Apatity, Russia
*
*E-mail: r.macdonald@lancaster.ac.uk
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Abstract

The behaviour of ThSiO4 during low-temperature alteration has significance for element mobility and redistribution. Here we describe five types of alteration of ThSiO4 by hydrothermal fluids: (1) primary ThSiO4 associated with chevkinite-(Ce) in a quartz-epidote metasomatite; (2) during alteration of monazite-(Ce) in a quartzolite; (3) during alteration of fergusonite-(Y) in a quartz-epidote metasomatite; (4) following exsolution from chevkinite-(Ce); and (5) associated with cerite-(Ce) and with ilmenite and bastnäsite-(Ce) in late-stage veinlets in a syenitic pegmatite and a metasomatite. The great majority of crystals have been strongly altered compositionally, with variable degrees of replacement of formula elements by non-formula elements, such as Ca, Fe, P and REE. The most reliable geochemical indicators of hydrothermal alteration are low analytical totals and non-stoichiometric structural formulae. The alteration is variably ascribed to dissolution-reprecipitation and pervasive fluid infiltration along cracks. Thorium appears to have shown limited mobility in these samples.

Keywords

ThSiO4hydrothermal alterationgeochemical fluxeselement mobility
Type
Research Article
Information
Mineralogical Magazine , Volume 81 , Issue 4 , August 2017 , pp. 873 - 893
Copyright
Copyright © The Mineralogical Society of Great Britain and Ireland 2017

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