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Insights About Brain Tumors Gained Through Immunohistochemistry and in Situ Hybridization of Nuclear and Phenotypic Markers

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  02 July 2020

P.E. McKeever
P.E. McKeever*
Affiliation:
Department of Pathology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-0602
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Extract

Immunohistochemistry (IHC) has provided major insights about the classification of brain tumors by identifying cellular markers of phenotype, and about tumor growth potential with nuclear markers of proliferation. Newer in situ hybridization shows promise in tumor classification and prognostication.

Fig. 1 shows the sensitive and reliable avidin-biotin conjugate (ABC) method of localizing glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP). GFAP is the most specific marker of gliomas, tumors of brain cells, available today. The ABC method can be used to find any antigen for which a primary antibody is available. A molecular bridge then links this primary antibody bound to tissue with a label that can be seen, a substrate of the horseradish peroxidase (HRP) enzyme like diaminobenzidine (DAB) that produces a brown, insoluble reaction product at the site of the antigen. IHC for GFAP has revealed that brain tumors previously thought to be sarcomas are actually malignant gliomas (Fig. 2).

Type
Neoplasia: Abnormal Cell Growth Or Death/Apoptosis? Insights From Microscopy
Information
Microscopy and Microanalysis , Volume 3 , Issue S2: Proceedings: Microscopy & Microanalysis '97, Microscopy Society of America 55th Annual Meeting, Microbeam Analysis Society 31st Annual Meeting, Histochemical Society 48th Annual Meeting, Cleveland, Ohio, August 10-14, 1997 , August 1997 , pp. 13 - 14
Copyright
Copyright © Microscopy Society of America 1997

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References

1.McKeever, P.E. and Balentine, J.D., Histochemistry in Pathologic Diagnosis, New York: Marcel Dekker (1987) 920.Google Scholar
2.Burger, P.C., Scheithauer, B.W., Tumors of the CNS, Washington DC: AFIP (1994) 2, 53.Google Scholar
3.McKeever, P.E. and Blaivas, M., Diagnostic Surgical Pathology, New York: Raven (1994) 409.Google Scholar