Hostname: page-component-8448b6f56d-sxzjt Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-04-23T08:49:21.662Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Growth of Molybdenum Trioxide Nanoribbons on Oriented Ag and Au Nanostructures: A Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) Study

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  18 June 2019

Paramita Maiti*
Affiliation:
Institute of Physics, Sachivalaya Marg, Bhubaneswar 751005, Odisha, India Homi Bhabha National Institute, Training School Complex, Anushakti Nagar, Mumbai 400085, India
Arijit Mitra
Affiliation:
School of Basic Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology Bhubaneswar, Argul–Jatni Rd, Kansapada 752050, Odisha, India
R. R. Juluri
Affiliation:
IIIT Ongole, RGUKT-AP, Andhra Pradesh 516330, India
Ashutosh Rath
Affiliation:
Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National University of Singapore, 9 Engineering Drive 1, Singapore 117575, Singapore
Parlapalli V Satyam
Affiliation:
Institute of Physics, Sachivalaya Marg, Bhubaneswar 751005, Odisha, India Homi Bhabha National Institute, Training School Complex, Anushakti Nagar, Mumbai 400085, India
*
*Author for correspondence: Paramita Maiti, E-mail: paramita.maiti1990@gmail.com, paramita@iopb.res.in
Get access

Abstract

We report the growth of molybdenum trioxide (MoO3) nanoribbons (NRs) on epitaxial Ag and oriented Au nanostructures (NSs) using an ultra-high vacuum (UHV)-molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) technique at different substrate temperatures. An approximately 2 nm silver (Ag) film has been deposited at different growth temperatures (using UHV-MBE) on cleaned Si(100), Si(110), and Si(111) substrates. For faceted Au NSs, an approximately 50 nm Au film has been deposited (using high-vacuum thermal evaporation) on a Si(100) substrate with a native oxide layer at the interface and the sample was annealed in low vacuum (≈10−2) and at high temperature (≈975°C). Scanning electron microscopy measurements were performed to determine the morphology of MoO3/Ag and MoO3/Au composite films. From energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy elemental mapping and line scans it is found that faceted Au NSs are more favorable for the growth of MoO3 NRs than epitaxial Ag microstructures.

Type
Materials Applications
Copyright
Copyright © Microscopy Society of America 2019 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Alivisatos, AP (1996). Semiconductor clusters, nanocrystals, and quantum dots. Science 271, 933.Google Scholar
Alshehri, AH, Jakubowska, M, Młożniak, A, Horaczek, M, Rudka, D, Free, C & Carey, JD (2012). Enhanced electrical conductivity of silver nanoparticles for high frequency electronic applications. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 4, 7007.Google Scholar
Balendhran, S, Walia, S, Nili, H, Ou, JZ, Zhuiykov, S, Kaner, RB, Sriram, S, Bhaskaran, M & Kalantar-zadeh, K (2013). Two-dimensional molybdenum trioxide and dichalcogenides. Adv Funct Mater 23, 3952.Google Scholar
Cai, L, Rao, PM & Zheng, X (2011). Morphology-controlled flame synthesis of single, branched, and flower-like α-MoO3 nanobelt arrays. Nano Lett 11, 872.Google Scholar
Chen, Y, Lu, C, Xu, L, Ma, Y, Hou, W & Zhu, J-J (2010). Single-crystalline orthorhombic molybdenum oxide nanobelts: Synthesis and photocatalytic properties. CrystEngComm 12, 3740.Google Scholar
Cheng, L, Shao, M, Wang, X & Hu, H (2009). Single-crystalline molybdenum trioxide nanoribbons: Photocatalytic, photoconductive, and electrochemical properties. Chem Eur J 15, 2310.Google Scholar
Comini, E, Faglia, G, Sberveglieri, G, Cantalini, C, Passacantando, M, Santucci, S, Li, Y, Wlodarski, W & Qu, W (2000). Carbon monoxide response of molybdenum oxide thin films deposited by different techniques. Sens Actuators, B 68, 168.Google Scholar
Cong, S, Sugahara, T, Wei, T, Jiu, J, Hirose, Y, Nagao, S & Suganuma, K (2015). Growth and extension of one-step sol–gel derived molybdenum trioxide nanorods via controlling citric acid decomposition rate. Cryst Growth Des 15, 4536. doi: 10.1021/acs.cgd.5b00790.Google Scholar
Dai, H, Rath, A, Hearn, YS, Pennycook, SJ & Chua, DHC (2018). Temperature-controlled vapor deposition of highly conductive p-type reduced molybdenum oxides by hydrogen reduction. J Phys Chem Lett 9, 7185.Google Scholar
Fang, X, Bando, Y, Gautam, UK, Ye, C & Golberg, D (2008). Inorganic semiconductor nanostructures and their field-emission applications. J Mater Chem 18, 509.Google Scholar
Ferroni, M, Guidi, V, Martinelli, G, Paolo, N, Sacerdoti, M & Sberveglieri, G (1997). Characterization of a molybdenum oxide sputtered thin film as a gas sensor. Thin Solid Films 307, 148.Google Scholar
Ghosh, A, Guha, P, Samantara, AK, Jena, BK, Bar, R, Ray, SK & Satyam, PV (2015). Simple growth of faceted Au–ZnO hetero-nanostructures on silicon substrates (nanowires and triangular nanoflakes): A shape and defect driven enhanced photocatalytic performance under visible light. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 7, 9486.Google Scholar
Guha, P, Ghosh, A, Thapa, R, Kumar, EM, Kirishwaran, S, Singh, R & Satyam, PV (2017). Ag nanoparticle decorated molybdenum oxide structures: Growth, characterization, DFT studies and their application to enhanced field emission. Nanotechnology 28, 415602.Google Scholar
He, W, Kim, H-K, Wamer, WG, Melka, D, Callahan, JH & Yin, J-J (2014). Photogenerated charge carriers and reactive oxygen species in ZnO/Au hybrid nanostructures with enhanced photocatalytic and antibacterial activity. J Am Chem Soc 136, 750.Google Scholar
Huvington, P, Drouin, D & Gauvin, R (1997). CASINO: A new Monte Carlo code in C language for electron beam interaction-Part I: Description of the program. Scanning 19(1), 1.Google Scholar
Lee, D, Seong, D-J, Jo, I, Xiang, F & Dong, R (2007). Resistance switching of copper doped MoOx films for nonvolatile memory applications. Appl Phys Lett 90, 122104.Google Scholar
Mai, LQ, Hu, B, Chen, W, Qi, YY, Lao, CS, Yang, RS, Dai, Y & Wang, ZL (2007). Lithiated MoO3 nanobelts with greatly improved performance for lithium batteries. Adv Mater 19, 3712.Google Scholar
Maiti, P, Guha, P, Hussain, H, Singh, R, Nicklin, C & Satyam, PV (2019a). Microscopy and spectroscopy study of nanostructural phase transformation from β-MoO3 to Mo under UHV-MBE conditions. Surf Sci 682, 64.Google Scholar
Maiti, P, Guha, P, Singh, R, Dash, JK & Satyam, PV (2019b). Optical band gap, local work function and field emission properties of MBE grown β-MoO3 nanoribbons. Appl Surf Sci 476, 691.Google Scholar
Mariotti, D, Lindström, H, Bose, AC & Ostrikov, K (2008). Monoclinic β-MoO3 nanosheets produced by atmospheric microplasma: Application to lithium-ion batteries. Nanotechnology 19, 495302.Google Scholar
Mizushima, T, Fukushima, K, Ohkita, H & Kakuta, N (2007). Synthesis of β-MoO3 through evaporation of HNO3-added molybdic acid solution and its catalytic performance in partial oxidation of methanol. Appl Catal A: Gen 326, 106.Google Scholar
Murphy, CJ, Sau, TK, Gole, AM, Orendorff, CJ, Gao, J, Gou, L, Hunyadi, SE & Li, T (2005). Anisotropic metal nanoparticles: Synthesis, assembly, and optical applications. J Phys Chem B 109, 13857.Google Scholar
Peralta, MDLR, Pal, U & Zeferino, RS (2012). Photoluminescence (PL) quenching and enhanced photocatalytic activity of Au-decorated ZnO nanorods fabricated through microwave-assisted chemical synthesis. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 4, 4807.Google Scholar
Pham, TTPP, Nguyen, PHD, Vo, TT, Nguyen, HHP & Luu, CL (2015). Facile method for synthesis of nanosized β-MoO3 and their catalytic behavior for selective oxidation of methanol to formaldehyde. Adv Nat Sci: Nanosci Nanotechnol 6, 045010.Google Scholar
Rath, A, Dash, JK, Juluri, RR, Rosenauer, A, Schoewalter, M & Satyam, PV (2012). Growth of oriented Au nanostructures: Role of oxide at the interface. J Appl Phys 111, 064322.Google Scholar
Sharma, B, Frontiera, RR, Henry, A-I, Ringe, E & Duyne, RPV (2012). SERS: Materials, applications, and the future. Mater Today 15, 16.Google Scholar
Stamplecoskie, KG, Scaiano, JC, Tiwari, VS & Anis, H (2011). Optimal size of silver nanoparticles for surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy. J Phys Chem C 115, 1403.Google Scholar
Su, Z, Wang, L, Li, Y, Zhang, G, Zhao, H, Yang, H, Ma, Y, Chu, B & Li, W (2013). Surface plasmon enhanced organic solar cells with a MoO3 buffer layer. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 5, 12847.Google Scholar
Wang, P-S, Wu, I-W, Tseng, W-H, Chen, M-H & Wu, C-I (2011). Enhancement of current injection in organic light emitting diodes with sputter treated molybdenum oxides as hole injection layers. Appl Phys Lett 98, 173302.Google Scholar
Wu, M, Chen, W-J, Shen, Y-H, Huang, F-Z, Li, C-H & Li, S-K (2014). In situ growth of matchlike ZnO/Au plasmonic heterostructure for enhanced photoelectrochemical water splitting. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 6, 15052.Google Scholar
Yan, B, Zheng, Z, Zhang, J, Gong, H, Shen, Z, Huang, W & Yu, T (2009). Orientation controllable growth of MoO3 nanoflakes: Micro-Raman, field emission, and birefringence properties. J Phys Chem C 113, 20259.Google Scholar
Yao, JN, Hashimoto, K & Fujishima, A (1992). Photochromism induced in an electrolytically pretreated MoO3 thin film by visible light. Nature 355, 624.Google Scholar
Yeh, Y-C, Creran, B & Rotello, VM (2012). Gold nanoparticles: Preparation, properties, and applications in bionanotechnology. Nanoscale 4, 1871.Google Scholar
Yuan, Y, Demers, H, Rudinsky, S & Gauvin, R (2019). Secondary fluorescence correction for characteristic and bremsstrahlung X-rays using Monte Carlo X-ray depth distributions applied to bulk and multilayer materials. Microsc Microanal 25, 92. doi: 10.1017/51431927618016215.Google Scholar
Zhang, L, Yu, JC, Yip, HY, Li, Q, Kwong, KW, Xu, A-W & Wong, PK (2003). Ambient light reduction strategy to synthesize Silver nanoparticles and silver-coated TiO2 with enhanced photocatalytic and bactericidal activities. Langmuir 19, 10372.Google Scholar
Zheng, L, Xu, Y, Jin, D & Xie, Y (2009). Novel metastable hexagonal MoO3 nanobelts: Synthesis, photochromic, and electrochromic properties. Chem Mater 21, 5681.Google Scholar
Zhou, J, Deng, SZ, Xu, NS, Chen, J & She, JC (2003). Synthesis and field-emission properties of aligned MoO3 nanowires. Appl Phys Lett 83, 2653.Google Scholar