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3.2 GROUND SYSTEMS FOR RELEASING TRICHOGRAMMA MINUTUM RILEY IN PLANTATION FORESTS

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  31 May 2012

S.M. Smith  and
D.R. Wallace
S.M. Smith
Affiliation:
Faculty of Forestry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5S 3B3
D.R. Wallace
Affiliation:
Forestry Canada, Ontario Region, Great Lakes Forestry Centre, PO Box 490, Sault Ste. Marie, Ontario, Canada P6A 5M7
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Abstract

Two systems for releasing the egg parasitoid, Trichogramma minutum Riley, from ground level in forest stands are described: (1) a gridded point-source release using parasitized host eggs attached to cards, and (2) a hand-held leafblower distributing parasitized eggs in bulk. Neither technique affected the emergence of the parasitoids released. Parasitoids emerging from eggs released in bulk had a similar sex ratio, longevity, and fecundity to those not released. Both methods of ground release achieved uniform parasitoid distribution and resulted in levels of parasitism similar to those achieved with aerial releases. Parasitism was greater in the mid- to upper canopy of trees than in the lower canopy. The difficulties associated with each technique and its comparative usefulness in experimental and operational programs are discussed.

Résumé

Deux systèmes pour le relâchement du parasitoïde de l'oeuf, Trichogramma minutum Riley, à partir du niveau de la terre dans les terrains forestiers sont décrits : (1) un relâchement d'un point-source dans une superficie quadrillée en utilisant les oeufs parasités de l'hôte attachés aux cartes et (2) un relâchement en utilisant une souffleuse de feuilles tenue dans la main pour disperser en volume les oeufs parasités. Les parasitoïdes éclos des oeufs relâchés en volume avaient le rapport sexuel, la longévité et la fécondité semblables à ceux non relâchés. Les deux méthodes de relâchement terrestre ont accompli une distribution uniforme de parasitoïdes et ont abouti aux niveaux de parasitisme semblables à ceux accomplis par les relâchements aériens. Le parasitisme était plus important aux niveaux moyens et hauts des voûtes de feuillage qu'au niveau bas. Les difficultés associées à chaque méthode et l'utilité comparative de chacune aux programmes expérimentaux et opérants sont discutées.

Type
Research Article
Information
The Memoirs of the Entomological Society of Canada , Volume 122 , Supplement S153 , 1990 , pp. 31 - 37
Copyright
Copyright © Entomological Society of Canada 1990

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References

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