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Debye sheath mechanism at laser plasma interaction and generalization to nuclear forces and quark-gluon plasma

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  05 December 2005

FREDERICK OSMAN ,
NADER GHAHRAMANI  and
HEINRICH HORA
FREDERICK OSMAN
Affiliation:
School of Quantitative Methods and Mathematical Sciences, University of Western Sydney, Penrith, Australia
NADER GHAHRAMANI
Affiliation:
School of Quantitative Methods and Mathematical Sciences, University of Western Sydney, Penrith, Australia
HEINRICH HORA
Affiliation:
Department of Theoretical Physics, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
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Abstract

The studies of laser ablation have lead to a new theory of nuclei, endothermic nuclei generation, and quark-gluon plasmas. The surface of ablated plasma expanding into vacuum after high power laser irradiation of targets contains an electric double layer having the thickness of the Debye length. This led to the discovery of surface tension in plasmas, and led to the internal dynamic electric fields in all inhomogeneous plasmas. The surface tension causes stabilization by short length surface wave smoothing the expanding plasma plume and to stabilization against the Rayleigh–Taylor instability. Generalizing this to the degenerate electrons in a metal with the Fermi energy instead of the temperature resulted in the first quantum theory of surface tension of metals in agreement with measurements. Taking the Fermi energy in the Debye length for nucleons results in a theory of nuclei with stable confinement of protons and neutrons just at the well-known nuclear density, and the Debye lengths equal to the Hofstadter decay of the nuclear surface. Increasing the nuclear density by a factor of 10 leads to a change of the Fermi energy into its relativistic branch where no surface energy is possible and the particle mass is not defined, permitting the quark gluon plasma. Expansion of this higher density at the big bang or in super-nova results in nucleation and element generation. The Boltzmann equilibrium permits the synthesis of nuclei even in the endothermic range, however with the limit to about uranium. A relation for the magic numbers leads to a quark structure of nuclear shells that can be understood as a duality property of nuclei with respect to nucleons and quarks

Keywords

Degenerate electronsEndothermic element synthesisLaser produced plasmasMagic numbersQuark gluon plasmaTheory of nuclei and nucleation
Type
Workshop on Fast High Density Plasma Blocks Driven By Picosecond Terawatt Lasers
Information
Laser and Particle Beams , Volume 23 , Issue 4 , October 2005 , pp. 461 - 466
Copyright
© 2005 Cambridge University Press

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