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Spokane

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  07 May 2009

Barry F. Carlson  and
John H. Esling
Barry F. Carlson
Affiliation:
Department of Linguistics, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC V8W 3P4, Canadaesling@uvic.ca
John H. Esling
Affiliation:
Department of Linguistics, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC V8W 3P4, Canadaesling@uvic.ca
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Extract

Spokane and Kalispel (NpoqÉ ånišcn, Qalispé), both located in eastern Washington State, and Montana Salish (Flathead), are nearly identical dialects of an Interior Salish language now spoken by only a handful of elders. Grammatical sketches are available for Spokane (Carlson 1972) and Kalispel (Vogt 1940). There is no modern grammar of Montana Salish; Black (1996) uses both Spokane and Montana Salish material in her doctoral dissertation. Thompson (1973) and Czaykowska-Higgins & Kinkade (1998) provide general Salish research summaries.

Type
Illustrations of the IPA
Information
Journal of the International Phonetic Association , Volume 30 , Issue 1-2 , December 2000 , pp. 97 - 102
Copyright
Copyright © Journal of the International Phonetic Association 2000

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References

Black, D. (1996). The Morphological and Phonological Structures of Spokane Lexemes. Doctoral dissertation, University of Victoria.Google Scholar
Carlson, B. F. (1972). A Grammar of Spokan(e). Doctoral dissertation, University of Hawaii.Google Scholar
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Carlson, B. F. (1997). Some thoughts on the shift of nasals to vowels in Spokane. International Journal of American Linguistics 63, 432–435.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Czaykowska-Higgins, E., & Kinkade, M. D. (1998). Salish languages and linguistics. In Czaykowska-Higgins, E. & Kinkade, M. D. (editors), Salish Languages and Linguistics: Theoretical and Descriptive Perspectives, 1–68. Berlin, New York: Mouton de Gruyter.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Esling, J. H. (1996). Pharyngeal consonants and the aryepiglottic sphincter. Journal of the International Phonetic Association 26, 65–88.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Esling, J. H. (1999a). The IPA categories “pharyngeal” and “epiglottal”: Laryngoscopic observations of pharyngeal articulations and larynx height. Language & Speech 42, 349–372.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Esling, J. H. (1999b). University of Victoria Phonetic Database (version 4.0). Victoria, BC: Speech Technology Research Ltd.; Lincoln Park, NJ: Kay Elemetrics Corp.Google Scholar
Kinkade, M. D. (1967). Uvular-pharyngeal resonants in Interior Salish. International Journal of American Linguistics 33, 228–234.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sapir, E. (1938). Glottalized continuants in Navaho, Nootka, and Kwakiutl (with a note on Indo-European). Language 14, 248–274.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Thompson, L. C. (1973). The Northwest. In Sebeok, T. A. (editor), Current Trends in Linguistics 10: Linguistics in North America, 979–1045. The Hague: Mouton.Google Scholar
Vogt, H. (1940). The Kalispel Language. Oslo: Det Norske Videnskaps-Akademi.Google Scholar
Supplementary material: File

Carlson and Esling sound files

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