Hostname: page-component-8448b6f56d-xtgtn Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-04-25T01:20:09.949Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Performance of Older Japanese American Adults on Selected Cognitive Instruments

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  23 May 2013

Nobuko Kemmotsu ,
Yurika Enobi  and
Claire Murphy
Nobuko Kemmotsu
Affiliation:
San Diego State University/University of California, San Diego Joint Doctoral Program in Clinical Psychology, San Diego, California
Yurika Enobi
Affiliation:
San Diego State University, San Diego, California
Claire Murphy*
Affiliation:
San Diego State University/University of California, San Diego Joint Doctoral Program in Clinical Psychology, San Diego, California San Diego State University, San Diego, California
*
Correspondence and reprint requests to: Claire Murphy, SDSU-UCSD Joint Doctoral Program in Clinical Psychology, 6363 Alvarado Court, Suite 101, San Diego, CA 92120-4913. E-mail: cmurphy@sciences.sdsu.edu
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

This study examined cognitive test performance of second- and third-generation Japanese American (JA) adults, a relatively homogeneous Asian American subgroup. Sixty-five JA and 65 non-Hispanic White (NHW) adults, ages between 45 and 91, were administered the Boston Naming Test-2 (BNT), Letter Fluency Test, Semantic Fluency Test, California Verbal Learning Test (CVLT), Brief Visuospatial Memory Test-Revised (BVMT-R), and Trail Making Test. Levels of acculturation, quality of educational attainment, and generation status in the United States, were also collected. There were no significant differences in the scores between the two groups on the tests administered. JA and NHW groups, however, differed in the patterns of the associations between some of the test performance and demographic variables. JA adults showed a stronger age-score relationship on BNT, CVLT, and the BVMT-R. Furthermore, second-generation JA adults performed lower than the third-generation adults even after controlling for basic demographic variables on CVLT and Trail Making Test. Acculturation on the other hand did not explain score differences once demographic variables were considered. Our results suggest the importance of considering unique history and characteristics of ethnic groups, and interactions of the aging process and culture on tasks with different cognitive demands. (JINS, 2013, 19, 1–9)

Keywords

Ethnic groupsAcculturationNeuropsychological testCohort effectCultureAging
Type
Research Articles
Information
Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society , Volume 19 , Issue 7 , August 2013 , pp. 773 - 781
Copyright
Copyright © The International Neuropsychological Society 2013 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Abe, M., Suzuki, K., Okada, K., Miura, R., Fujii, T., Etsurou, M., Yamadori, A. (2004). [Normative data on tests for frontal lobe functions: Trail Making Test, Verbal fluency, Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (Keio version)]. No To Shinkei, 56(7), 567–574.Google ScholarPubMed
Abe-Kim, J., Okazaki, S., Goto, S.G. (2001). Unidimensional versus multidimensional approaches to the assessment of acculturation for Asian American populations. Cultural Diversity and Ethnic Minority Psychology, 7(3), 232–246. doi:10.1037//1099-9809.7.3.232CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Artiola i Fortuny, L., Hermosillo, D., Heaton, R.K., Pardee, R.E. III. (1999). Manual de normas y procedimientos para la bateria neuropsicologica en Espanol. Tucson, AZ: M Press.Google Scholar
Azuma, E. (1999). Brief historical overview of Japanese emigration, 1868–1998. International Nikkei Reseach Project: First Year Report, 6–8.Google Scholar
Benedict, R.H.B. (1997). Brief Visuospatial Memory Test-revised. Odessa, FL: Psychological Assessment Resources, Inc.Google Scholar
Boone, K.B., Victor, T.L., Wen, J., Razani, J., Ponton, M. (2007). The association between neuropsychological scores and ethnicity, language, and acculturation variables in a large patient population. Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology, 22(3), 355–365. doi:10.1016/j.acn.2007.01.010CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Byrd, D.A., Sanchez, D., Manly, J.J. (2005). Neuropsychological test performance among Caribbean-born and U.S.-born African American elderly: The role of age, education and reading level. Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology, 27(8), 1056–1069. doi:10.1080/13803390490919353CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Cherner, M., Suarez, P., Lazzaretto, D., Artiola i Fortuny, L., Mindt, M.R., Dawes, S., the HNRC group. (2007). Demographically corrected norms for the Brief Visuospatial Memory Test-revised and Hopkins Verbal Learning Test-revised in monolingual Spanish speakers from the U.S.-Mexico border region. Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology, 22, 343–353. doi:10.1016/j.acn.2007.01.009CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Delis, D., Kramer, J.H., Kaplan, E., Ober, B.A. (1987). The California Verbal Learning Test: Research edition. New York: Psychological Corporation.Google Scholar
Fillenbaum, G.G., McCurry, S.M., Kuchibhatla, M., Masaki, K.H., Borenstein, A.R., Foley, D.J., White, L. (2005). Performance on the CERAD neuropsychology battery of two samples of Japanese-American elders: Norms for persons with and without dementia. Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society, 11(2), 192–201. doi:10.10170S1355617705050198CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Fujimoto, W.Y., Bergstrom, R.W., Boyko, E.J., Kinyoun, J.L., Leonetti, D.L., Newell-Morris, L.L., Wahl, P.W. (1994). Diabetes and diabetes risk factors in second- and third-generation Japanese Americans in Seattle, Washington. Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice, 24(Suppl.), S43–S52.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Goh, J.L., Tan, J.C., Park, D.C. (2009). Culture modulates eye-movements to visual novelty. PLOS ONE, 4(12), e8238.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Hedden, T., Ketay, S., Aron, A., Markus, H.R., Gabrieli, J.D.E. (2008). Cultural influences on neural substrates of attentional control. Psychological Science, 19(1), 12–17.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Heaton, R.K., Miller, S.W., Taylor, M.J., Grant, I. (2004). Revised comprehensive norms for an expanded Halstead-Reitan Battery: Demographically adjusted neuropsychological norms for African American and Caucasian adults Scoring Program. Odessa, FL: Psychological Assessment Resources, Inc.Google Scholar
Heaton, R.K., Taylor, M.J., Manly, J.J. (2003). Demographic effects and use of demographically corrected norms with the WAIS-III and WMS-III. In D.S. Tulsky, D.H. Saklofske, G.J. Chelune, R.K. Heaton, R.J. Ivnik, R. Bornstein, A. Prifitera, & M.F. Ledbetter (Eds.), Clinical interpretation of the WAIS-III and WMS-III (pp. 181–210). San Diego, CA: Academic Press, Inc.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ichioka, Y. (1988). The Issei The World of the First Generation Japanese Immigrants, 1885–1924. New York: The Free press.Google Scholar
Iwamasa, G.Y., Pai, S.M., Hilliard, K.M., Lin, S.H. (1998). Acculturation of Japanese Americans: Use of the SL-ASIA with a Community Sample. Asian American and Pacific Islander Journal of Health, 6(1), 25–34. doi:10.1037//1099-9809.7.3.203Google ScholarPubMed
Kaplan, E., Goodglass, H., Weintraub, S. (1983). Boston Naming Test. Philadelphia: Lea & Febiger.Google Scholar
Longobardi, P.G., Cummings, J.L., Anderson-Hanley, C. (2000). Multicultural perspectives on the neuropsychological and neuropsychiatric assessment and treatment of the elderly. In E. Fletcher-Janzen, T.L. Strickland, & C.R. Reynolds (Eds.), Handbook of cross-cultural neuropsychology (pp. 123–144). New York: Kluwer Academic/Plenum Publishers.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lucas, J.A., Ivnik, R.J., Smith, G.E., Ferman, T.J., Willis, F.B., Petersen, R.C., Graff-Radford, N.R. (2005). Mayo's older African Americans normative studies: Norms for Boston Naming Test, Controlled Oral Word Association, Category Fluency, Animal Naming, Token Test, Wrat-3 Reading, Trail Making Test, Stroop Test, and Judgment of Line Orientation. The Clinical Neuropsychologist, 19(2), 243–269.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Manly, J.J. (2005). Advantages and disadvantages of separate norms for African Americans. The Clinical Neuropsychologist, 19(2), 270–275. doi:10.1080/13854040590945346CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Manly, J.J., Byrd, D.A., Touradji, P., Stern, Y. (2004). Acculturation, reading level, and neuropsychological test performance among African American elders. Applied Neuropsychology, 11(1), 37–46. doi:10.1207/s15324826an1101_5CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Manly, J.J., Jacobs, D.M., Touradji, P., Small, S.A., Stern, Y. (2002). Reading level attenuates differences in neuropsychological test performance between African American and White elders. Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society, 8(3), 341–348. doi:10.1017.S135561770102015XCrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
McCurry, S.M., Gibbons, L.E., Uomoto, J.M., Thompson, M.L., Graves, A.B., Edland, S.D., Larson, E.B. (2001). Neuropsychological test performance in a cognitively intact sample of older Japanese American adults. Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology, 16(5), 447–459.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Park, D.C., Gutchess, A.H. (2002). Aging, cognition, and culture: A neuroscientific perspective. Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, 26(7), 859–867.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Park, D.C., Nisbett, R., Hedden, T. (1999). Aging, culture, and cognition. Journal of Gerontology. Series B, Psychological Sciences and Social Sciences, 54(2), P75–P84.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Ponton, M.O., Satz, P., Herrera, L., Ortiz, F., Urrutia, C.P., Young, R., Namerow, N. (1996). Normative data stratified by age and education for the Neuropsychological Screening Battery for Hispanics (NeSBHIS): Initial report. Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society, 2(2), 96–104.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Reitan, R.M., Wolfson, D. (1985). The Halstead-Reitan Neuropsychological Test Battery: Therapy and clinical interpretation. Tucson, AZ: Neuropsychological Press.Google Scholar
Reynolds, C.R. (2000). Methods for detecting and evaluating cultural bias in neuropsychological tests. In E. Fletcher-Janzen, T.L. Strickland, & C.R. Reynolds (Eds.), Handbook of cross-cultural neuropsychology (pp. 249–285). New York, NY: Kluwer Academic/Plenum Publishers.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Suinn, R.M., Ahuna, C., Khoo, G. (1992). The Suinn-Lew Asian self-identity acculturation scale: Concurrent and factorial validation. Educational and Psychological Measurement, 52, 1041–1046. doi:10.1177/0013164492052004028CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Suinn, R.M., Rickard-Figueroa, K., Lew, S., Vigil, P. (1987). The Suinn-Lew Asian self-identity acculturation scale: An initial report. Educational and Psychological Measurement, 47, 401–407. doi:10.1177/0013164487472012CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wilkinson, G.S., Robertson, G.J. (2006). Wide Range Achievement Test: Psychological Assessment Resources, Inc.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Supplementary material: File

Kemmotsu Supplementary Material

Kemmotsu Tables S1 - S6

Download Kemmotsu Supplementary Material(File)
File 158.7 KB