Hostname: page-component-76fb5796d-wq484 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-04-25T09:04:35.164Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Biostratigraphy and paleobiogeography of Middle and Late Ordovician conodonts from the Langkawi Islands, northwestern peninsular Malaysia

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  14 July 2015

Sachiko Agematsu ,
Katsuo Sashida  and
Amnan B. Ibrahim
Sachiko Agematsu
Affiliation:
Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8572, Japan,
Katsuo Sashida
Affiliation:
Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8572, Japan,
Amnan B. Ibrahim
Affiliation:
Minerals and Geoscience Department, Sabah, Malaysia
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

The Middle and Upper Ordovician sequence of the Langkawi Islands, northwestern peninsular Malaysia, contains 20 species of conodonts belonging to 15 genera and four unidentified species, which are described and illustrated. The following four biostratigraphic zones are established for the study area: the Scolopodus striatus assemblage zone, the Periodon sp. A range zone, the Baltoniodus alobatus range zone, and the Hamarodus europaeus range zone, in ascending order. The Middle Ordovician fauna belongs to the low-latitude, warm-water Australian Province. Conodonts of the H. europaeus zone represent the HDS (Hamarodus europaeus-Dapsilodus mutatus-Scabbardella altipes) biofacies, which has been reported from the cool-water North Atlantic Faunal Region. The middle Arenigian limestones in the study area were deposited on a shallow-water shelf, whereas the late Arenigian to middle Darriwilian limestones formed in hemipelagic deeper-water conditions on an outer shelf or slope.

Type
Research Article
Information
Journal of Paleontology , Volume 82 , Issue 5 , September 2008 , pp. 957 - 973
Copyright
Copyright © The Paleontological Society 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Abaimova, G. P. 1971. New Early Ordovician conodonts from the southeastern part of the Siberian Platform. Paleontologicheski Zhurnal, 1971:486–493.Google Scholar
Agematsu, S., Sashida, K., Salyapongse, S., and Sardsud, A. 2006a. Ordovician conodonts from the Thong Pha Phum area, western Thailand. Journal of Asian Earth Sciences, 26:49–60.Google Scholar
Agematsu, S., Sashida, K., Salyapongse, S., and Sardsud, A. 2006b. Lower and Middle Ordovician conodonts from the Thung Song and Thung Wa areas, southern peninsular Thailand. Paleontological Research, 10:215–231.Google Scholar
Agematsu, S., Sashida, K., Salyapongse, S., and Sardsud, A. 2007. Ordovician conodonts from the Satun area, southern peninsular Thailand. Journal of Paleontology, 81:19–37.Google Scholar
Albanesi, G. L. 1998a. Biofacies de conodontes de las secuencias Ordovicicas del cerro potrerillo, Precordillera central de San Juan, R. Argentina, p. 75–98. In Hünicken, M. A. (ed.), Biostratigrafia, biofacies y taxonomia de conodontes de las secuencias Ordovicicas del derro potrerillo, Precordillera central de San Juan, R. Argentina. Actas de la Academia Nacional de Ciencias 12, República Argentina.Google Scholar
Albanesi, G. L. 1998b. Taxonomia de conodontes de las secuencias Ordovicicas del cerro potrerillo, Precordillera central de San Juan, R. Argentina, p. 101–249. In Hünicken, M. A. (ed.), Biostratigrafia, biofacies y taxonomia de conodontes de las secuencias Ordovicicas del derro potrerillo, Precordillera central de San Juan, R. Argentina. Actas de la Academia Nacional de Ciencias 12, República Argentina.Google Scholar
Albanesi, G. L., Carrera, M. G., Cañas, F. L., and Saltzman, M. 2004. Definition of a global boundary stratotype section and point (GSSP) for the base of the Middle Ordovician Series: the Niquivil section, Precordillera of San Juan Argentina. Informe de la International Subcomission on Ordovician Stratigraphy (ICS-IUGS). [Electronic: http://seis.natsci.csulb.edu/ordstratl]Google Scholar
An, T. 1987. The Lower Paleozoic conodonts of South China. Publishing House of Beijing University, Beijing, 238 p., 35 pls. (In Chinese) Google Scholar
An, T., Du, G., and Gao, Q. 1985. Ordovician conodonts from Hubei, China. Geological Publishing House, Beijing, 64 p.Google Scholar
An, T., Zhang, F., Xiang, W., Zhang, Y., Xu, W., Zhang, H., Jiang, D., Yang, C., Lin, L., Cui, Z., and Yang, X. 1983. The conodonts of North China and the adjacent regions. Science Press of China, Beijing, 223 p. (In Chinese) Google Scholar
Barrick, J. E. 1977. Multielement simple-cone conodonts from the Clarita Formation (Silurian), Arbuckle Mountains, Oklahoma. Geologica et Palaeontologica, 11:47–68.Google Scholar
Bergström, S. M. 1971. Conodont biostratigraphy of the Middle and Upper Ordovician of Europe and eastern North America. Geological Society of America Memoir, 127:83–157.Google Scholar
Bergström, S. M. 1978. Middle and Upper Ordovician conodont and graptolite biostratigraphy of the Marathon, Texas graptolite zone reference standard. Palaeontology, 21:723–758.Google Scholar
Bergström, S. M. 1990. Relations between conodont provincialism and the changing palaeogeography during the Early Palaeozoic, p. 105–121. In McKerrow, W. S. and Scotese, C. R. (eds.), Palaeozoic palaeogeography and biogeography. Geological Society of London Memoir 12, London.Google Scholar
Boucot, A. J., Cocks, L. R. M., and Racheboeuf, P. R. 1999. Early Devonian brachiopods from Satun Province, southern Thailand. Journal of Paleontology, 73:850–859.Google Scholar
Branson, E. B. and Mehl, M. G. 1933. Conodont studies I and II. University of Missouri Studies, 8:1–167.Google Scholar
Bunopas, S. 1981. Paleogeographic history of western Thailand and adjacent part of Southeast Asia: A plate tectonics interpretation. Geological Survey Paper 5, Special Issue, Department of Mineral Resources, Bangkok, 810 p.Google Scholar
Bunopas, S. 1992. Regional stratigraphic correlation in Thailand, p. 189–208. In Piancharoen, C. (ed.), Proceedings of a National Conference on Geologic Resources of Thailand. Department of Mineral Resources, Bangkok.Google Scholar
Cantrill, R. C. and Burreitt, C. F. 2003. The greater Gondwana distribution of the Ordovician conodont Panderodus nogamii (Lee) 1975. Courier Forschungsinstitut Senckenberg, 245:407–419.Google Scholar
Cocks, L. R. M. and Fortey, R. A. 1997. A new Hirnantia Fauna from Thailand and the biogeography of the latest Ordovician of South-East Asia. Geobios, 20:111–120.Google Scholar
Cocks, L. R. M. and Rong, J. 1988. A review of the Late Ordovician Foliomena brachiopod fauna, with new data from China, Wales and Poland. Palaeontology, 31:53–67.Google Scholar
Cocks, L. R. M., Fortey, R. A., and Lee, C. P. 2005. A review of Lower and Middle Palaeozoic biostratigraphy in west peninsular Malaysia and southern Thailand in its context within the Sibumasu Terrane. Journal of Asian Earth Sciences, 24:703–717.Google Scholar
Cooper, B. J. 1976. Multielement conodonts from the St. Clair Limestone (Silurian) of southern Ohio. Journal of Paleontology, 50:205–217.Google Scholar
Cooper, B. J. 1981. Early Ordovician conodonts from the Horn Valley Siltstone, central Australia. Palaeontology, 24:147–183.Google Scholar
Chen, J. and Barnes, C. R. 1995. Middle and Late Ordovician sea level change in the northern marine of Yangtze Platform, P. R. China, p. 225–228. In Cooper, J. D., Droser, M. L., and Finney, S. C. (eds.), Ordovician Odyssey. The Pacific Section Society for Sedimentary Geology (SEPM), California, USA.Google Scholar
Crespin, I. 1943. Conodonts from the Waterhouse Range, central Australia. Transactions of the Royal Society of South Australia, 67:231–233.Google Scholar
Ding, L. and An, T. 1985. Ordovician conodonts from Jingshanling, Zhejiang and their stratigraphic significance. Beijing University, Beijing, 19 p., 1 pl. (In Chinese) Google Scholar
Dzik, J. 1976. Discussion on the evolution of Ordovician conodonts. Acta Palaeontologica Polonica, 21:1–455.Google Scholar
Dzik, J. 1978. Conodont biostratigraphy and paleogeographical relations of the Ordovician Mojcza Limestone (Holy Cross Mts, Poland). Acta Palaeontologica Polonica, 23:52–72.Google Scholar
Dzik, J. 1994. Conodonts of the Mojcza Limestone, p. 43–128. In Urbanek, A. (ed.), Ordovician Carbonate Platform Ecosystem of the Holy Cross Mountains. Palaeontologica Polonica 53.Google Scholar
Ferretti, A. and Barnes, C. R. 1997. Upper Ordovician conodonts from the Kalkbank Limestone of Thuringia, Germany. Palaeontology, 40:15–42.Google Scholar
Ferretti, A. and Serpagli, E. 1999. Late Ordovician conodont faunas from southern Sardinia, Italy: Biostratigraphic and paleogeographic implications. Bollettino della Societa Paleontologica Italiana, 37:215–236.Google Scholar
Folk, R. L. 1959. Practical petrographic classification of limestones. American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin, 43:1–38.Google Scholar
Folk, R. L. 1962. Special subdivision of limestone types, p. 62–84. In Ham, W. E. (ed.), Classification of carbonate rocks. American Association of Petroleum Geologists Memoir 1. Tulsa, Oklahoma.Google Scholar
Fortey, R. A. 1997. Late Ordovician trilobite from Southern Thailand. Palaeontology, 40:397–449.Google Scholar
Furnish, W. M. 1938. Conodonts from the Prairie du Chien (Lower Ordovician) beds of the Upper Mississippi Valley. Journal of Paleontology, 12:318–340.Google Scholar
Graves, R. W. and Ellison, S. 1941. Ordovician conodonts of the Marathon basin, Texas. University of Missouri School of Mining and Metallurgy, Bulletin, Technical Series, 14:1–26.Google Scholar
Hadding, A. R. 1913. Undre dicellograptusskiffern i Skåne jämte några därmed ekvivalenta bildningar. Lunds Universitets Årsskrift., Afd. 2, 9:1–90.Google Scholar
Hamada, T. 1968. Swaicoelia, a new ambocoeliid genus (brachiopoda) from North Thailand, p. 1–12. In Kobayashi, T. and Toriyama, R. (eds.), Geology and Palaeontology of Southeast Asia 5. University of Tokyo Press, Tokyo.Google Scholar
Hamada, T., Igo, H., Kobayashi, T., and Koike, T. 1975. Older and Middle Palaeozoic formations and fossils of Thailand and Malaysia. Japanese Journal of Geology and Geography, 45:1–39.Google Scholar
Henningsmoen, G. 1948. The Tretaspis Series of the Kullatorp Core. Bulletin of the Geological Institute of the University of Uppsala, 32:374–432.Google Scholar
Igo, H. and Koike, T. 1967. Ordovician and Silurian conodonts from the Langkawi Islands, Malaysia, Pt. I, p. 1–35. In Kobayashi, T. and Toriyama, R. (eds.), Geology and Palaeontology of Southeast Asia 3. University of Tokyo Press, Tokyo.Google Scholar
Igo, H. and Koike, T. 1968. Ordovician and Silurian conodonts from the Langkawi Islands, Malaya, Pt. II, p. 1–21. In Kobayashi, T. and Toriyama, R. (eds.), Geology and Palaeontology of Southeast Asia 5. University of Tokyo Press, Tokyo.Google Scholar
Johnston, D. I. and Barnes, C. R. 2000. Early and Middle Ordovician (Arenig) conodonts form St. Pauls Inlet and Martin Point, Cow Head Group, Western Newfoundland, Canada 2. Systematic paleontology. Geologica et Palaeontologica, 34:11–87.Google Scholar
Jones, D. R. 1978. The geology and mineral resources of Pelis, north Kedah and the Langkawi Islands. Geological Survey Malaysia District Memoir, 17:1–257.Google Scholar
Kennedy, D. J., Barnes, C. R., and Uyeno, T. T. 1979. A Middle Ordovician conodont faunule from the Tetagouche Group, Camel Back Mountain, New Brunswick. Canadian Journal of Earth Science, 16:540–551.Google Scholar
Kobayashi, T. 1964. Palaeontology of Thailand (1916–1962), p. 17–30. In Kobayashi, T. (ed.), Geology and Palaeontology of Southeast Asia 1. University of Tokyo Press, Tokyo.Google Scholar
Kobayashi, T. and Hamada, T. 1964a. On a new Malayan species of Dalmanitina , p. 221–236. In Kobayashi, T. (ed.), Geology and Palaeontology of Southeast Asia 1. University of Tokyo Press, Tokyo.Google Scholar
Kobayashi, T. and Hamada, T. 1964b. On the Middle Ordovician fossils from Satun, the Malaysian frontier of Thailand, p. 209–220. In Kobayashi, T. (ed.), Geology and Palaeontology of Southeast Asia 1. University of Tokyo Press, Tokyo.Google Scholar
Kuhn, T. S. and Barnes, C. R. 2005. Ordovician conodonts from the Mithaka Formation (Georgina Basin, Australia). Regional and paleobiogeographical implications. Geologica Acta, 3:317–337.Google Scholar
Lamont, A. and Lindström, M. 1957. Arenigian and Llandeilian cherts identified in the southern Uplands of Scotland by means of conodonts, etc. Transactions of the Edinburgh Geological Society, 17:60–70.Google Scholar
Lee, H. 1975. Conodonts from the Lower and Middle Ordovician of North Korea. Palaeontographica, 150:161–186.Google Scholar
Lee, H. 1976. Conodonts from the Maggol and Jeongseon Formation (Ordovician), Kangweon-Do, South Korea. Journal of the Geological Sociery of Korea, 12:151–181.Google Scholar
Leslie, S. A. 2000. Mohawkian (Upper Ordovician) conodonts of eastern North America and Baltoscania. Journal of Paleontology, 74:1122–1147.Google Scholar
Lindström, M. 1955. Conodonts from the lowermost Ordovician strata of south-central Sweden. Geologiska Föreningens i Stockholm Förhandlingar, 76:517–604.Google Scholar
Lindström, M. 1971. Lower Ordovician conodonts of Europe. Geological Society of America Memoir, 127:21–61.Google Scholar
Löfgren, A. 1978. Arenigian and Llanvirnian conodonts from Jamtland, northern Sweden. Fossils and Strata, 13:1–129.Google Scholar
Löfgren, A. 2000. Conodont biozonation in the upper Arenig of Sweden. Geological Magazine, 137:53–65.Google Scholar
McCracken, A. D. 1989. Protopanderodus (Conodonta) from the Ordovician Road River Group, northern Yukon Territory, and the evolution of the genus. Geological Survey of Canada Bulletin, 388:1–39.Google Scholar
McTavish, R. A. 1973. Prioniodontacean conodonts from the Emanuel Formation (Lower Ordovician) of Western Australia. Geologica et Palaeontologica, 7:27–58.Google Scholar
Metcalfe, I. 1980. Ordovician conodonts from the Kaki Bukit area, West Malaysia. Warta Geologi, 6(3):63–68.Google Scholar
Metcalfe, I. 1999. Gondwana dispersion and Asian accretion: An overview, p. 9–28. In Metcalfe, I. (ed.), Gondwana Dispersion and Asian Accretion. A. A. Balkema, Rotterdam.Google Scholar
Nowlan, G. S., McCracken, A. D., and McLeod, M. J. 1997. Tectonic and paleogeographic significance of Late Ordovician conodonts in the Canadian Appalachians. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences, 34:1521–1537.Google Scholar
Orchard, M. J. 1980. Upper Ordovician conodonts from England and Wales. Geologica et Palaeontologica, 14:9–44.Google Scholar
Pander, C. H. 1856. Monographie der fossilen Fische der silurischen Systems der russischenbaltischen Gouvernements. Akademie der Wissenschaften, St Petersburg, 91 p.Google Scholar
Rhodes, F. H. T. 1955. The conodont fauna of the Keisley Limestone. Quarterly Journal of Geological Society London, 442:117–142.Google Scholar
Scholle, P. A., Arthur, M. A., and Ekdale, A. A. 1991. Pelagic Environment, p. 619–692. In Scholle, P. A., Bebout, D. G., and Moore, C. H. (eds.), Carbonate Depositional Environments. American Association of Petroleum Geologists, Tulsa, Oklahoma.Google Scholar
Serpagli, E. 1967. I conodonti dell' Ordoviciano superiore (Ashgilliano) delle Alpi Carniche. Bollettino della Societa Paleontologica Italiana, 6:30–111.Google Scholar
Serpagli, E. 1974. Lower Ordovician conodonts from Precordilleran Argentina (Province of San Juan). Bolletino Societa Paleontologica Italiana, 13:17–93.Google Scholar
Stait, B. A. and Burrett, C. F. 1984. Ordovician nautiloid faunas of central and southern Thailand. Geological Magazine, 121:115–124.Google Scholar
Stait, K. and Druce, E. C. 1993. Conodonts from the Lower Ordovician Coolibah Formation, Georgina Basin, central Australia. BMR Journal of Australian Geology and Geophysics, 13:293–322.Google Scholar
Sweet, W. C. 1988. The Conodonta. Morphology, Taxonomy, Paleoecology, and evolutionary History of a Long-Extinct Animal Phylum. Oxford Press, New York, 212 p.Google Scholar
Sweet, W. C. 2000. Conodonts and biostratigraphy of Upper Ordovician strata along a shelf to basin transect in central Nevada. Journal of Paleontology, 74:1148–1160.Google Scholar
Sweet, W. C. and Bergström, S. M. 1984. Conodont provinces and biofacies of the Late Ordovician, p. 69–87. In Clark, D. L. (ed.), Conodont Biofacies and Provincialism. Geological Society of America Special Paper 196.Google Scholar
Tolmacheva, T. Y. 2006. Apparatus of the conodont Scolopodus striatus Pander, 1856 and a re-evaluation of Pander's species of Scolopodus . Acta Palaeontologica Polonica, 51(2):247–260.Google Scholar
Trotter, J. A. and Webby, B. D. 1994. Upper Ordovician conodonts from the Malongullo Formation, Clifden Cave area, central New South Wales. Journal of Australian Geology and Geophisics, 15:475–499.Google Scholar
Walliser, O. H. 1964. Conodonten des Silurs. Abhandlungen der Hessischen Landesamtes Bodenforschung, 41:1–106.Google Scholar
Wang, C. 1993. Conodonts of Lower Yangtze Valley—an index to biostratigraphy and organic metamorphic maturity. Science Press of China, Beijing, 326 p., 60 pls. (In Chinese) Google Scholar
Wang, Z. 2001. Ordovician conodonts from Kalpin of Xinjiang and Pingliang of Gansu across the base of Upper Ordovician Series. Acta Micropalaeontologica Sinica, 18:349–363.Google Scholar
Wang, Z. and Luo, K. 1984. Late Cambrian and Ordovician conodonts from the marginal areas of the Ordos Platform, China. Bulletin of Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology, Academica Sinica, 8:239–304.Google Scholar
Wang, Z., Bergström, S. M., and Lane, H. R. 1996. Conodont provinces and biostratigraphy in the Ordovician of China. Acta Palaeontologica Sinica, 35:26–59.Google Scholar
Watson, S. T. 1988. Ordovician conodonts from the Canning Basin (W. Australia). Palaeontologica, 203:91–147.Google Scholar
Webby, B. D., Cooper, R. A., Bergström, S. M., and Paris, F. 2004. Stratigraphic framework and time slices, p. 41–47. In Webby, B. D., Paris, F., Droser, M. L., and Percival, I. G. (eds.), The Great Ordovician Biodiversification Event. Columbia University Press, New York.Google Scholar
Wongwanich, T., Burrett, C., Tansathein, W. and Chaodumrong, P. 1990. Lower to Mid Palaeozoic stratigraphy of mainland Satun province, southern Thailand. Journal of Southeast Asian Earth Science, 4:1–9.Google Scholar
Zhang, J. 1998. The Ordovician conodont genus Pygodus . Palaeontologia Polonica, 58:87–105.Google Scholar
Zhen, Y., Nicoll, R. S., Percival, I. G., Hamedi, M. A., and Stewart, I. 2001. Ordovician rhipidognathid conodonts from Australia and Iran. Journal of Paleontology, 75:186–207.Google Scholar
Zhen, Y. and Percival, I. G. 2003. Ordovician conodont biogeography—reconsidered. Lethaia, 36:357–370.Google Scholar
Zhen, Y., Percival, I. G., and Webby, B. D. 2003a. Early Ordovician (Bendigonian) conodonts from central New South Wales, Australia. Courier Forschungsinstitut Senckenberg, 245:39–73.Google Scholar
Zhen, Y., Percival, I. G., and Webby, B. D. 2003b. Early Ordovician conodonts from far western New South Wales, Australia. Records of the Australian Museum, 55:169–220.Google Scholar
Zhen, Y. and Percival, I. G. 2004a. Middle Ordovician (Darriwilian) conodonts from allochthonous limestones in the Oakdale Formation of central New South Wales. Alcheringa, 28:77–111.Google Scholar
Zhen, Y. and Percival, I. G. 2004b. Darriwilian (Middle Ordovician) conodonts from the Weemalla Formation, south of Orange, New South Wales. Memoirs of the Association of Australasian Palaeontologists, 30:153–178.Google Scholar