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Mechanical properties and cytocompatibility of biomimetic hydroxyapatite-gelatin nanocomposites

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  03 March 2011

Ching-Chang Ko ,
Michelle Oyen ,
Alison M. Fallgatter ,
Jin-Hong Kim ,
Jim Fricton  and
Wei-Shou Hu
Ching-Chang Ko*
Affiliation:
Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-7450; and Department of Diagnostic and Biological Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455
Michelle Oyen
Affiliation:
Center for Applied Biomechanics, Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22902
Alison M. Fallgatter
Affiliation:
Department of Diagnostic and Biological Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455
Jin-Hong Kim
Affiliation:
Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455
Jim Fricton
Affiliation:
Department of Diagnostic and Biological Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455
Wei-Shou Hu
Affiliation:
Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455
*
a) Address all correspondence to this author. e-mail: koc@dentistry.unc.edu
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Abstract

A hydroxyapatite-gelatin nanocomposite system has been developed to resemble the composition and ultrastructure of natural bone for the application of tissue engineering. In the current study, variations in composition—content of gelatin and glutaraldehyde crosslinker—were examined in the context of mechanical properties and material biocompatibility. It was found that increasing the gelatin concentration resulted in a decreased hydroxyapatite crystal length and was associated with a slight increase in elastic modulus. Increases in gelatin and glutaraldehyde content were associated with increased material fracture toughness. Cellular biocompatibility tests, including cellular attachment and proliferation assays, were also used to assist in the process of optimizing gelatin and glutaraldehyde content. Optimized biomimetic nanocomposite materials for in vivo applications will likely be a compromise between the improved mechanical properties and decreased cytocompatibility associated with increased glutaraldehyde contents.

Keywords

BiomimeticBoneStrength
Type
Articles
Information
Journal of Materials Research , Volume 21 , Issue 12 , December 2006 , pp. 3090 - 3098
Copyright
Copyright © Materials Research Society 2006

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