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Hydrothermal synthesis of multiwall carbon nanotubes

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  31 January 2011

Yury Gogotsi ,
Joseph A. Libera  and
Masahiro Yoshimura
Yury Gogotsi*
Affiliation:
University of Illinois at Chicago, Department of Mechanical Engineering, 842 West Taylor Street, M/C 251, Chicago, Illinois 60607–7022
Joseph A. Libera
Affiliation:
University of Illinois at Chicago, Department of Mechanical Engineering, 842 West Taylor Street, M/C 251, Chicago, Illinois 60607–7022
Masahiro Yoshimura
Affiliation:
Tokyo Institute of Technology, Materials and Structures Laboratory, 4259 Nagatsuta, Midori-ku, Yokohama 226, Japan
*
a)Address correspondence to this author.gogotsi@drexel.edu
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Abstract

Multiwall open-end and closed carbon nanotubes with the wall thickness from several to more than 100 carbon layers were produced by a principally new method— hydrothermal synthesis—using polyethylene/water mixtures in the presence of nickel at 700–800 °C under 60–100 MPa pressure. An important feature of hydrothermal nanotubes is a small wall thickness, which is about 10% of the large inner diameter of 20–800 nm. Closed nanotubes were leak-tight by virtue of holding encapsulated water at high vacuum and can be used as test tubes for in situ experiments in transmission electron microscope (TEM). Raman microspectroscopy analysis of single nanotubes shows a well-ordered graphitic structure, in agreement with high-resolution TEM. The hydrothermal synthesis has the potential for producing multiwall nanotubes for a variety of applications. The fabrication of nanotubes under hydrothermal conditions may explain their presence in coals and carbonaceous rocks and suggests that they should be present in natural graphite deposits formed under hydrothermal conditions.

Type
Rapid Communications
Information
Journal of Materials Research , Volume 15 , Issue 12 , December 2000 , pp. 2591 - 2594
Copyright
Copyright © Materials Research Society 2000

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