Hostname: page-component-8448b6f56d-wq2xx Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-04-23T07:11:48.068Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Gas-phase combustion synthesis of titanium boride (TiB2) nanocrystallites

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  31 January 2011

R. L. Axelbaum ,
D. P. DuFaux ,
C. A. Frey ,
K. F. Kelton ,
S. A. Lawton ,
L. J. Rosen  and
S. M. L. Sastry
R. L. Axelbaum
Affiliation:
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri 63130
D. P. DuFaux
Affiliation:
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri 63130
C. A. Frey
Affiliation:
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri 63130
K. F. Kelton
Affiliation:
Department of Physics, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri 63130
S. A. Lawton
Affiliation:
McDonnell Douglas Aerospace, St. Louis, Missouri 63166
L. J. Rosen
Affiliation:
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri 63130
S. M. L. Sastry
Affiliation:
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri 63130
Get access

Abstract

Two techniques are described for synthesizing nanometer-sized TiB2 particles by gas-phase combustion reactions of sodium vapor with TiCl4 and BCl3: a low-pressure, low-temperature burner and a high-temperature flow reactor. Both methods produce TiB2 particles that are less than 15 nm in diameter. The combustion by-product, NaCl, is efficiently removed from the TiB2 by water washing or vacuum sublimation. Material collected from the low-temperature burner and annealed at 1000 °C consists of loosely agglomerated particles 20 to 100 nm in size. Washed material from the high-temperature flow reactor consists of necked agglomerates of 3 to 15 nm particles. A thermodynamic analysis of the Ti/B/Cl/Na system indicates that near 100% yields of TiB2 are possible with appropriate reactant concentrations, pressures, and temperatures.

Type
Articles
Information
Journal of Materials Research , Volume 11 , Issue 4 , April 1996 , pp. 948 - 954
Copyright
Copyright © Materials Research Society 1996

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

REFERENCES

1.Birringer, R. and Gleiter, H., in Advances in Materials Science, Encyclopaedia of Materials Science Engineering, edited by Cahn, R. W. (Pergamon Press, New York, Oxford, 1988), p. 339.Google Scholar
2.Gleiter, H., Prog. Mater. Sci. 33, 223 (1989).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
3.Suryanarayana, C. and Froes, F. H., Metall. Trans. 23A, 1071 (1992).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
4.Gleiter, H., NanoSTRUCTURED Materials 1 (1), 1 (1992).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
5.Siegel, R. W., Mater. Sci. Forum 27, 299 (1989).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
6.Frost, H. J. and Ashby, M.F., Deformation Mechanism Maps (Pergamon Press, Oxford, England, 1982).Google Scholar
7.Sastry, S. M. L., Lederich, R. J., and Soboyejo, W. O., in Extraction, Refining, and Fabrication of Light Metals, edited by Sahoo, M. and Pinfold, P. (Pergamon Press, Oxford, England, 1991), p. 99.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
8.Provenzano, V., Louat, N.P., and Imam, M.A., NanoSTRUC-TURED Materials, 1, 889 (1992).Google Scholar
9.Felder, W. and Calcote, H. F., “A Sodium Flame Process for Synthesis of Pure Metals, Alloys and Ceramics,” presented at 1989 Spring Meeting, Western States Section/Combustion Institute, Pullman, WA, March 20–21, 1989.Google Scholar
10.Calcote, H. F. and Felder, W., Twenty-Fourth Symposium (International) on Combustion, The Combustion Institute, Pittsburgh, 1992, pp. 1869–1876.Google Scholar
11.Glassman, I., Davis, K. A., and Brezinsky, K., Twenty-Fourth Symposium (International) on Combustion, The Combustion Institute, Pittsburgh, PA, 1992, pp. 1877–1882.Google Scholar
12.Ulrich, G. D., Chem. and Eng. News. 62 (32), 22 (1984).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
13.Hirose, Y. and Mitsuizumi, M., New Diamond 4, 34 (1988).Google Scholar
14.Hanssen, L. M., Carrington, W. A., Butler, J. E., and Snail, K. A., Mater. Lett. 7, 289 (1988).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
15.Howard, J. B., McKinnon, J.T., Makarovsky, Y., Lafleur, A. L., and Johnson, M. E., Nature 352, 139 (1991).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
16.Megaridis, C. M. and Dobbins, R. A., Combust. Sci. Technol. 71, 95 (1990).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
17.Axelbaum, R. L., Bates, S. E., Buhro, W. E., Frey, C., Kelton, K. F., Lawton, S. A., Rosen, L.J., and Sastry, S.M.L., NanoSTRUC-TURED Materials 2, 139 (1993).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
18.Calcote, H. F., Gill, R. J., Berman, C. H., and Felder, W., “Production and Coating of Boron Powders,” Final Report TP-489, Office of Naval Research, March 30, 1990.Google Scholar
19.Reynolds, W.C., STANJAN, Interactive Computer Programs for Chemical Equilibrium Analysis, Stanford University, 1986.Google Scholar
20.CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, 71st ed., edited by Lide, D. R. (The CRC Press, Inc., Boca Raton, FL, 1992).Google Scholar
21.Bates, S. E., Buhro, W. E., Frey, C. A., Sastry, S. M. L., and Kelton, K. F., J. Mater. Res. 10, 2599 (1995).Google Scholar
22.DuFaux, D. P. and Axelbaum, R.L., Combust. Flame 100, 350 (1995).Google Scholar
23.Chorley, R. W. and Lednor, P. W., Advanced Mater. 3 (10), 474 (1991).Google Scholar
24.Liquid-Metals Handbook–Sodium (NaK) Supplement, edited by Jackson, C. B., U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC, 1955.Google Scholar