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A de novo theranostic nanomedicine composed of PEGylated graphene oxide and gold nanoparticles for cancer therapy

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  29 January 2020

Hadi Samadian ,
Rahim Mohammad-Rezaei ,
Rana Jahanban-Esfahlan ,
Bakhshali Massoumi ,
Mojtaba Abbasian ,
Abbas Jafarizad  and
Mehdi Jaymand
Hadi Samadian
Affiliation:
Nano Drug Delivery Research Center, Health Technology Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
Rahim Mohammad-Rezaei
Affiliation:
Electrochemistry Research Laboratory, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Azarbaijan Shahid Madani University, Tabriz, Iran
Rana Jahanban-Esfahlan
Affiliation:
Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
Bakhshali Massoumi
Affiliation:
Department of Chemistry, Payame Noor University, Tehran, Iran
Mojtaba Abbasian
Affiliation:
Department of Chemistry, Payame Noor University, Tehran, Iran
Abbas Jafarizad
Affiliation:
Department of Chemical Engineering Sahand University of Technology, Tabriz, Iran
Mehdi Jaymand*
Affiliation:
Nano Drug Delivery Research Center, Health Technology Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
*
a)Address all correspondence to this author. e-mail: m_jaymand@yahoo.com, m.jaymand@gmail.com
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Abstract

A de novo drug delivery nanosystem based on gold nanoparticles (GNPs), decorated poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG), and folate (FA)-conjugated graphene oxide (GO) was designed and developed successfully. Initially, the graphite (G) powder was oxidized to the GO, and then functionalized with chloroacetic acid to afford a carboxylated graphene oxide (GO–COOH). The obtained GO–COOH was functionalized with an amine end-caped PEG, FA, as well as 3-amino-1-propanethiol to produce a GO–PEG–FA–SH. In another experimental section, GNPs were synthesized through a citrate-mediated reduction approach, and subsequently decorated onto/into GO–PEG–FA–SH through the formation of Au–S bond to afford a GO–PEG–FA/GNP nanosystem. The resultant nanosystem was loaded with doxorubicin hydrochloride (DOX) as a model anticancer drug, and its drug-loading capacity as well as pH-dependent drug release behavior were investigated. The anticancer activity of the developed theranostic nanomedicine was extensively evaluated using MTT assay against human breast cancer cells (MCF7). The developed GO–PEG–FA/GNPs–DOX theranostic nanomedicine exhibited an excellent cancer chemotherapy feature. In addition, this nanomedicine can be used in chemo-photothermal therapy of solid tumors because of the presence of GO and GNPs in its structure.

Keywords

graphene oxidegold nanoparticlesPEGylationfolate-conjugationtheranostic nanomedicinecancer treatment
Type
Article
Information
Journal of Materials Research , Volume 35 , Issue 4 , 28 February 2020 , pp. 430 - 441
Copyright
Copyright © Materials Research Society 2020

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