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First molecular identification of Strongyloides fuelleborni in long-tailed macaques in Thailand and Lao People's Democratic Republic reveals considerable genetic diversity

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 July 2018

T. Thanchomnang ,
P.M. Intapan ,
O. Sanpool ,
R. Rodpai ,
L. Sadaow ,
I. Phosuk ,
C. Somboonpatarakun ,
S. Laymanivong ,
S. Tourtip  and
W. Maleewong
T. Thanchomnang
Affiliation:
Faculty of Medicine, Mahasarakham University, Maha Sarakham 44000, Thailand
P.M. Intapan
Affiliation:
Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, and Research and Diagnostic Center for Infectious Diseases, Khon Kaen University, 40002, Thailand
O. Sanpool
Affiliation:
Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, and Research and Diagnostic Center for Infectious Diseases, Khon Kaen University, 40002, Thailand
R. Rodpai
Affiliation:
Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, and Research and Diagnostic Center for Infectious Diseases, Khon Kaen University, 40002, Thailand
L. Sadaow
Affiliation:
Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, and Research and Diagnostic Center for Infectious Diseases, Khon Kaen University, 40002, Thailand
I. Phosuk
Affiliation:
Faculty of Public Health Program, Mahidol University, Amnajcharoen Campus, Amnajcharoen 37000, Thailand
C. Somboonpatarakun
Affiliation:
Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, and Research and Diagnostic Center for Infectious Diseases, Khon Kaen University, 40002, Thailand
S. Laymanivong
Affiliation:
Centre of Malariology, Parasitology and Entomology, Ministry of Health, Vientiane, Lao PDR
S. Tourtip
Affiliation:
Faculty of Medicine, Mahasarakham University, Maha Sarakham 44000, Thailand
W. Maleewong*
Affiliation:
Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, and Research and Diagnostic Center for Infectious Diseases, Khon Kaen University, 40002, Thailand
*
Author for correspondence: W. Maleewong, Fax.: +66-43-202475, E-mail: wanch_ma@kku.ac.th
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Abstract

Strongyloides fuelleborni is a soil-transmitted nematode parasite of non-human primates. The worm is prevalent also in human populations in Africa and South-East Asia. In this study, we amplified and sequenced a portion of the 18S ribosomal RNA gene (rRNA) and of the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (cox1) gene of Strongyloides adult males recovered from faecal samples from long-tailed macaques (Macaca fascicularis) in Thailand and Lao PDR. The prevalence in Thailand was 31.1% (55/177) and in Lao PDR it was 62.1% (41/66), with an overall prevalence of 39.5% (96/243). All 18S rRNA sequences that we obtained (n = 96) showed 100% identity with published S. fuelleborni sequences. The 96 cox1 sequences that we obtained represented 32 new haplotypes. When included with the 17 previously known haplotypes from S. fuelleborni, the cox1 sequences fell into four clusters, which had clear geographical structure. This is the first molecular confirmation of S. fuelleborni in long-tailed macaques in Thailand and Lao PDR. Clearly, awareness needs to be raised of the zoonotic potential of S. fuelleborni. A monitoring programme should be organized, taking into account the role of reservoir hosts (i.e. monkeys) in the natural background of human strongyloidiasis caused by S. fuelleborni.

Keywords

long-tailed macaquesmolecular identificationStrongyloides fuellebornistrongyloidiasis
Type
Research Paper
Information
Journal of Helminthology , Volume 93 , Issue 5 , September 2019 , pp. 608 - 615
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2018 

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