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Effect of the organophosphorous insecticide, chlorpyrifos (Dursban), on growth, fecundity and mortality of Biomphalaria alexandrina and on the production of Schistosoma mansoni cercariae in the snail

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  05 June 2009

W. L. F. Ibrahim ,
P. Furu ,
A. M. Ibrahim  and
N. Ø. Christensen
W. L. F. Ibrahim
Affiliation:
Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
P. Furu*
Affiliation:
Danish Bilharziasis Laboratory, Jaegersborg Allé ID, DK-2920 Charlottenlund, Denmark
A. M. Ibrahim
Affiliation:
Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Aims Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
N. Ø. Christensen
Affiliation:
Danish Bilharziasis Laboratory, Jaegersborg Allé ID, DK-2920 Charlottenlund, Denmark
*
† Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
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Abstract

Exposure of Biomphalaria alexandrina to sublethal concentrations (0·125, 0·25 and 0·05 ppm) of the organophosporous insecticide, chlorpyrifos (Dursban), induced a reduction in egg production and egg hatchability. Exposure of Schistosoma mansoni miracidia to the insecticide (60 min, 0·05 ppm) prior to infection of B. alexandrina did not affect the subsequent production of cercariae. However, exposure of S. mansoni—infected snails to the insecticide until day 55, from day 20 to day 62 and from day 35 to 62 following infection resulted in blockage of cercarial shedding. cercarial shedding commenced in some snails when the treatement stopped. Exposure to the insecticide in concentrations of 0·125 and 0·25 ppm during the first 20 days following infection did not affect the subsequent production of cercariae, but exposure to 0·5 ppm during the first 20 days affected markedly the production of cercariae due to a high snail mortality. The findings indicate that the cercaria is the target stage for the activity of chlorpyrifos on the intramolluscan larval development. It is suggested that S. mansoni cercarial production in B. alexandrina may he a useful system for monitoring the effect of low concentrations of pesticides on the aquatic environment, and that the ability by chemical means to interrupt the cercarial production might be a useful tool in further analyses of important aspects of the snail/parasite relationship.

Keywords

Schistosoma mansoniBiomphalaria alexandrinachlorpyrifosmortalitygrowthfecunditycercarial productionTrematoda
Type
Research Article
Information
Journal of Helminthology , Volume 66 , Issue 2 , June 1992 , pp. 79 - 88
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1992

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