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Acetazolamide loaded-silver nanoparticles: A potential treatment for murine trichinellosis

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  16 November 2023

E.F. Abdel Hamed Open the ORCID record for E.F. Abdel Hamed [Opens in a new window] ,
A.A. Taha ,
S.M. Abdel Ghany ,
A.A. Saleh  and
E.M. Fawzy
E.F. Abdel Hamed*
Affiliation:
Department of Medical Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Sharkia, Egypt
A.A. Taha
Affiliation:
Department of Medical Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Sharkia, Egypt
S.M. Abdel Ghany
Affiliation:
Department of Medical Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Sharkia, Egypt
A.A. Saleh
Affiliation:
Department of Medical Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Sharkia, Egypt
E.M. Fawzy
Affiliation:
Department of Medical Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Sharkia, Egypt
*
Corresponding author: E.F. Abdel Hamed; Email: drenasfakhry@gmail.com
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Abstract

Trichinellosis is a global food-borne disease caused by viviparous parasitic nematodes of the genus Trichinella. Due to the lack of effective, safe therapy and the documented adverse effects of traditional therapy, this study aimed to evaluate the therapeutic effect of acetazolamide-loaded silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) on murine trichinellosis. Fifty male Swiss albino mice were divided into five groups of ten mice each: Group I, normal control group; Group II, infected with T. spiralis and not treated; Group III, infected and given AgNPs; Group IV, infected and treated with acetazolamide; and Group V, infected and treated with acetazolamide-loaded AgNPs. Mice were infected orally with 250 larvae. The efficacy was assessed by counting T. spiralis adults and larvae, measuring serum total antioxidant capacity, and observing the histopathological and ultrastructural alterations. Acetazolamide-loaded AgNPs treatment exhibited the highest percentage of reduction (84.72% and 80.74%) for the intestinal adults and the muscular larvae of T. spiralis-infected animals, respectively. Furthermore, during the intestinal and muscular phases, the serum of the same group had the best free-radical scavenging capacity (antioxidant capacity), which reduced tissue damage induced by oxidative stress. Histopathologically, the normal intestinal and muscular architecture was restored in the group treated with acetazolamide-loaded AgNPs, in addition to the reduced inflammatory infiltrate that alleviated inflammation compared to infected animals. Our results confirmed the marked destruction of the ultrastructural features of T. spiralis adults and larvae. Acetazolamide-loaded AgNPs are a promising therapy against T. spiralis infection.

Keywords

Trichinella spiralisacetazolamideAgNPsantioxidant capacity
Type
Research Paper
Information
Journal of Helminthology , Volume 97 , 2023 , e86
Copyright
© The Author(s), 2023. Published by Cambridge University Press

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