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Unstart phenomena induced by mass addition and heat release in a model scramjet

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  24 May 2016

S. Im ,
D. Baccarella ,
B. McGann ,
Q. Liu ,
L. Wermer  and
H. Do
S. Im*
Affiliation:
Aerospace Engineering Program, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Worcester Polytechnic Institute, Worcester, MA 01609, USA
D. Baccarella
Affiliation:
Department of Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA
B. McGann
Affiliation:
Department of Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA
Q. Liu
Affiliation:
Department of Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA
L. Wermer
Affiliation:
Aerospace Engineering Program, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Worcester Polytechnic Institute, Worcester, MA 01609, USA
H. Do
Affiliation:
Department of Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
*
†Email address for correspondence: sim@wpi.edu
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Abstract

The unstart phenomena in a model scramjet with a free stream Mach number of 4.5 were investigated at an arc-heated hypersonic wind tunnel. High-speed schlieren imaging and high resonance frequency pressure measurements were used to capture the flow features during the unstart process. Three unstart conditions were tested: (i) a low-enthalpy free stream with mass loading, (ii) a high-enthalpy free stream with mass loading and (iii) a high-enthalpy free stream with mass loading and heat release. It was revealed that the unstart threshold and the time from the onset to the completion of unstart depended strongly on the mass loading rate and the heat exchange. The negative heat addition (cooling) significantly increased the threshold of mass flow rate triggering unstart. The decrement of the mass flow rate threshold for unstart was observed in the presence of heat release by combustion. The observed transient and quasi-steady behaviours of the unstart shockwave system and the jet motion were similar in all of the test conditions. On the other hand, at the lip of inlet model, the unstart shockwave under the cold free stream condition exhibited a relatively steady behaviour while severe oscillatory flow motions of the jet and the unstart shockwave were observed in the combustion-driven unstart process. The different unstarted flow behaviours between the three flow conditions were explained using a simplified one-dimensional flow choking analysis and use of the Korkegi criterion.

JFM classification

Compressible Flows: Compressible Flows Reacting Flows: Reacting Flows Compressible Flows: Shock waves
Type
Papers
Information
Journal of Fluid Mechanics , Volume 797 , 25 June 2016 , pp. 604 - 629
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Copyright
© 2016 Cambridge University Press 

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Im et al. supplementary movie

Schlieren movie of Case 5, low enthalpy freestream - cold nitrogen jet, at the jet of a scramjet model. Movie was taken at 10 kHz and shown at 10 Hz.

Download Im et al. supplementary movie(Video)
Video 9.3 MB

Im et al. supplementary movie

Schlieren movie of Case 7, low enthalpy freestream - cold nitrogen jet, at the inlet of a scramjet model. This movie was taken at 10 kHz and shown at 10 Hz.

Download Im et al. supplementary movie(Video)
Video 1.9 MB

Im et al. supplementary movie

Schlieren movie of Case 14, high enthalpy freestream - ethylene jet, at the jet of a scramjet model. Movie was taken at 10 kHz and shown at 10 Hz.

Download Im et al. supplementary movie(Video)
Video 7.6 MB

Im et al. supplementary movie

Schlieren movie of Case 14, high enthalpy freestream - ethylene jet, at the inlet of a scramjet model. Movie was taken at 8 kHz and shown at 10 Hz.

Download Im et al. supplementary movie(Video)
Video 2.5 MB