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Tank-treading of microcapsules in shear flow

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  26 January 2016

C. de Loubens ,
J. Deschamps ,
F. Edwards-Levy  and
M. Leonetti
C. de Loubens
Affiliation:
Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS, Centrale Marseille, IRPHE, UMR 7342, Marseille 13384 Marseille, France LIPhy, CNRS, UMR 5588, Université de Grenoble I, 38402 Saint Martin d’Hères, France
J. Deschamps
Affiliation:
Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS, Centrale Marseille, IRPHE, UMR 7342, Marseille 13384 Marseille, France
F. Edwards-Levy
Affiliation:
ICMR, CNRS, UMR 7312, France
M. Leonetti*
Affiliation:
Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS, Centrale Marseille, IRPHE, UMR 7342, Marseille 13384 Marseille, France
*
†Email address for correspondence: leonetti@irphe.univ-mrs.fr
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Abstract

We investigated experimentally the deformation of soft microcapsules and the dynamics of their membrane in simple shear flows. Firstly, the tank-treading motion, i.e. the rotation of the membrane, was visualized and quantified by tracking particles included in the membrane by a new protocol. The period of membrane rotation increased quadratically with the extension of the long axis. The tracking of the distance between two close microparticles showed membrane contraction at the tips and stretching on the sides, a specific property of soft particles such as capsules. The present experimental results are discussed in regard to previous numerical simulations. This analysis showed that the variation of the tank-treading period with the Taylor parameter (deformation) cannot be explained by purely elastic membrane models. It suggests a strong effect of membrane viscosity whose order of magnitude is determined. Secondly, two distinct shapes of sheared microcapsules were observed. For moderate deformations, the shape was a steady ellipsoid in the shear plane. For larger deformations, the capsule became asymmetric and presented an S-like shape. When the viscous shear stress increased by three orders of magnitude, the short axis decreased by 70 % whereas the long axis increased by 100 % before any break-up. The inclination angle decreased from 40° to 8°, almost aligned with the flow direction as expected by theory and numerics on capsules and from experiments, theory and numerics on drops and vesicles. Whatever the microcapsule size and the concentration of proteins, the characteristic lengths of the shape, the Taylor parameter and the inclination angle satisfy master curves versus the long axis or the normalized shear stress or the capillary number in agreement with theory for non-negligible membrane viscosity in the regime of moderate deformations. Finally, we observed that very small deviation from sphericity gave rise to swinging motion, i.e. shape oscillations, in the small-deformation regime. In conclusion, this study of tank-treading motion supports the role of membrane viscosity on the dynamics of microcapsules in shear flow by independent methods that compare experimental data both with numerical results in the regime of large deformations and with theory in the regime of moderate deformations.

JFM classification

Biological Fluid Dynamics: Capsule/cell dynamics Low-Reynolds-number flows: Low-Reynolds-number flows Biological Fluid Dynamics: Membranes
Type
Papers
Information
Journal of Fluid Mechanics , Volume 789 , 25 February 2016 , pp. 750 - 767
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Copyright
© 2016 Cambridge University Press 

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de Loubens et al. supplementary movie

A capsule in a simple shear flow in the regime of moderate deformation. Inner micro-particles follow the tank-treading (rotation) motion of the membrane.

Download de Loubens et al. supplementary movie(Video)
Video 5.8 MB

de Loubens et al. supplementary movie

The same capsule as in Tank-treading_1 at a higher shear rate

Download de Loubens et al. supplementary movie(Video)
Video 4.8 MB

de Loubens et al. supplementary movie

Capsule in a simple shear flow in the regime of large deformations. The capsule has a typical S-like shape observed also in numerical simulations.

Download de Loubens et al. supplementary movie(Video)
Video 1.2 MB