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Patterning of colloidal droplet deposits on soft materials

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  27 November 2020

Julia Gerber Open the ORCID record for Julia Gerber [Opens in a new window] ,
Thomas M. Schutzius Open the ORCID record for Thomas M. Schutzius [Opens in a new window]  and
Dimos Poulikakos Open the ORCID record for Dimos Poulikakos [Opens in a new window]
Julia Gerber
Affiliation:
Laboratory of Thermodynamics in Emerging Technologies, Department of Mechanical and Process Engineering, ETH Zurich, Sonneggstrasse 3, CH-8092Zurich, Switzerland
Thomas M. Schutzius
Affiliation:
Laboratory of Thermodynamics in Emerging Technologies, Department of Mechanical and Process Engineering, ETH Zurich, Sonneggstrasse 3, CH-8092Zurich, Switzerland
Dimos Poulikakos*
Affiliation:
Laboratory of Thermodynamics in Emerging Technologies, Department of Mechanical and Process Engineering, ETH Zurich, Sonneggstrasse 3, CH-8092Zurich, Switzerland
*
†Email address for correspondence: dpoulikakos@ethz.ch
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Abstract

The ‘coffee stain ring’ is a particle deposit, that forms naturally, when the liquid of a suspension drop evaporates, leaving the particles at the edge of the deposit. Although observed in coffee cups in everyday life, such deposits appear in a wide range of liquid, particle and surface combinations and have attracted vivid research attention. Previous studies focused on the fluidics of evaporating suspension droplets on rigid materials, where the ring formation was shown to occur for pinned contact lines, and possible suppression of the coffee stain effect with surfactants, or other externally driven means, was investigated. Here, we show that, on soft materials, we can control the topography of the deposit on demand – promoting or suppressing the coffee ring effect – by simply changing the environmental humidity, regulating the evaporative flux. We perform particle tracking of droplets drying on soft substrates at varied environmental conditions and show with experimental observations and theoretical analysis that, at an expedited contact line velocity, particles are advected towards the receding contact line. We relate this advection to the viscous dissipation within the soft solid, retarding the contact line motion. The coffee ring formation in the presence of a receding contact line and its control by the environmental humidity, bring a new perspective to the conditions of the manifestation of this frequent deposit topography. We demonstrate the importance of our findings during the printing of a colloidal line, showing the ability to trigger line bifurcation on soft substrates by regulating the evaporative flux, introducing another degree of controllability for contact printing.

JFM classification

Complex Fluids: Colloids Drops and Bubbles: Drops Non-Newtonian Flows: Viscoelasticity
Type
JFM Papers
Information
Journal of Fluid Mechanics , Volume 907 , 25 January 2021 , A39
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Copyright
© The Author(s), 2020. Published by Cambridge University Press

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Gerber et al. supplementary movie 1

Movie showing the contact line motion during colloidal droplet drying on a compliant silicone substrate (E = 12.6 kPa), at T = 22°C and rh = 0%

Download Gerber et al. supplementary movie 1(Video)
Video 48.1 MB

Gerber et al. supplementary movie 2

Movie showing particle tracking during colloidal droplet drying on a compliant substrate in low rh conditions (E = 12.6 kPa, T = 23.7°C and rh = 33.8%).

Download Gerber et al. supplementary movie 2(Video)
Video 39.6 MB

Gerber et al. supplementary movie 3

Movie showing particle tracking during colloidal droplet drying on a compliant substrate in high rh conditions (E = 12.6 kPa, T = 24.7°C and rh = 83.0%).

Download Gerber et al. supplementary movie 3(Video)
Video 37.2 MB