Hostname: page-component-77c89778f8-gq7q9 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-07-20T07:50:54.806Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Seed yield in caraway (Carum carvi). 2. Role of assimilate availability

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  27 March 2009

H. J. Bouwmeester ,
H. G. Smid  and
E. Loman
H. J. Bouwmeester
Affiliation:
Research Institute for Agrobiology and Soil Fertility, Postbox 14, 6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlands
H. G. Smid
Affiliation:
Research Institute for Agrobiology and Soil Fertility, Postbox 14, 6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlands
E. Loman
Affiliation:
Department of Agronomy, Wageningen Agricultural University, Postbox 341, 6700 AH Wageningen, The Netherlands
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Summary

Assimilate availability may determine seed yield of caraway during three periods: (i) beforeflowering it may determine dry matter allocation to flowers and thereby the number of ovaries; (ii) during flowering it may determine seed set; and (iii) after flowering it may determine seed filling. From 1990 to 1992 in the vicinity of Wageningen, field experiments were performed in which growth, assimilate storage and partitioning, and the effects of shading during various growth stages on seed set and filling, were studied to determine the importance of these three phases. Dry matter production before flowering was correlated with dry mass of flowers, but there was no relationship between the dry mass of flowers and seed yield. Assimilate availability after flowering only slightly affected seed yield, but during flowering it had a strong effect. Shading 50% (during c. 3 weeks of flowering only) reduced yield by 30% whereas 50% shading (after flowering for > 1 month) reduced yield by only 6%. In addition, the main flowering period of biennial caraway over a number of years was estimated and the daily amount of photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) for that period calculated. There was a close linear relationship between light intensity during flowering and yield. The possibilities for yield improvement using these results are discussed.

Type
Crops and Soils
Information
The Journal of Agricultural Science , Volume 124 , Issue 2 , April 1995 , pp. 245 - 251
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1995

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Allison, J. C. S. & Watson, D. J. (1966). The production and distribution of dry matter in maize after flowering. Annals of Botany 30, 365–381.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bernelot, Moens H. L., Kuizenga, J. & Liefstingh, G. (1973). Teelt van karwij. Lelystad, The Netherlands: Proefstation voor de Akkerbouw.Google Scholar
Bouwmeester, H. J. & Kuupers, A.-M. (1993). Relationship between assimilate supply and essential-oil accumulation in annual and biennial caraway (Carum carvi L.) Journal of Essential Oil Research 5, 143–152.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bouwmeester, H. J. & Smid, H. G. (1995). Seed yield in caraway (Carum carvi). 1. Role of pollination. Journal of Agricultural Science, Cambridge 124, 235–244.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Centraal Bureau voor de Statistiek. Hoofdafdeling Landbouwstatistieken (1960–1991). Landbouwtellingen. Voorburg, The Netherlands: Centraal Bureau voor de Statistiek.Google Scholar
Evans, E. J. (1984). Pre-anthesis growth and its influence on seed yield in winter oilseed rape. Aspects of Applied Biology 6, Agronomy, Physiology, Plant Breeding and Crop Protection of Oilseed Rape, 81–90.Google Scholar
Fenner, M. (1985). Seed Ecology. London: Chapman and Hall.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Floot, H. W. G. (1988). Bestrijding van verbruining in karwij. In Proefveldverslag 1987 voor de klei-akkerbouw in Groningen en Friesland. pp. 60–61. Lelystad, The Netherlands: Stichting Proefboerderijen Noordelijke Akkerbouw.Google Scholar
Gallagher, J. N., Biscoe, P. V. & Scott, R. K. (1975). Barley and its environment. V. Stability of grain weight. Journal of Applied Ecology 12, 319–336.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Genstat 5 Committee (1988). Genstat 5 Reference Manual. Oxford: Clarendon Press.Google Scholar
Habekotté, B. (1993). Quantitative analysis of pod formation, seed set and seed filling in winter oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.) under field conditions. Field Crops Research 35, 21–33.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Judel, G. K. & Mengel, K. (1982). Effect of shading on nonstructural carbohydrates and their turnover in culms and leaves during the grain filling period of spring wheat. Crop Science 22, 958–962.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mendham, N. J. & Scott, R. K. (1975). The limiting effect of plant size at inflorescence initiation on subsequent growth and yield of oilseed rape (Brassica napus). Journal of Agricultural Science, Cambridge 84, 487—502.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mendham, N. J., Shipway, P. A. & Scott, R. K. (1981). The effects of delayed sowing and weather on growth, development and yield of winter oil-seed rape (Brassica napus). Journal of Agricultural Science, Cambridge 96, 389–416.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pate, J. S., Atkins, C. A. & Perry, M. W. (1980). Significance of photosynthate produced at different stages of growth as carbon source for fruit filling and seed reserve accumulation in Lupinus angustifolius L. Australian Journal of Plant Physiology 7, 283–297.Google Scholar
Van Roon, E. & Bleijenberg, H. J. (1964). Breeding caraway for non-shattering seed. Euphytica 13, 281–293.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Yamagata, M., Kouchi, H. & Yoneyama, T. (1987). Partitioning and utilization of photosynthate produced at different growth stages after anthesis in soybean (Glycine max L. Merr.): analysis by long-term 13C-labelling experiments. Journal of Experimental Botany 38, 1247–1259.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Yates, D. J. & Steven, M. D. (1987). Reflexion and absorption of solar radiation by flowering canopies of oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.). Journal of Agricultural Science, Cambridge 109, 495–502.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Zijlstra, K. (1940). Het verband tusschen zichttijd en opbrengst van karwij. Verslag over de jaren 1935 t/m 1939, pp. 137–141. Groningen, The Netherlands: Vereniging tot Exploitatie van Proefboerderijen in de Klei- en Zavelstreken van de Provincie Groningen.Google Scholar