Hostname: page-component-8448b6f56d-42gr6 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-04-24T22:43:11.727Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Quantifying N response and N use efficiency in rice–wheat (RW) cropping systems under different water management

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  26 February 2009

Q. JING ,
H. VAN KEULEN ,
H. HENGSDIJK ,
W. CAO ,
P. S. BINDRABAN ,
T. DAI  and
D. JIANG
Q. JING*
Affiliation:
Key Laboratory of Crop Growth Regulation, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China Plant Research International, Wageningen University and Research Centre, P.O. Box 16, 6700 AA, Wageningen, The Netherlands Group Plant Production Systems, Wageningen University, P.O. Box 430, 6700 AK, Wageningen, The Netherlands
H. VAN KEULEN
Affiliation:
Plant Research International, Wageningen University and Research Centre, P.O. Box 16, 6700 AA, Wageningen, The Netherlands Group Plant Production Systems, Wageningen University, P.O. Box 430, 6700 AK, Wageningen, The Netherlands
H. HENGSDIJK
Affiliation:
Plant Research International, Wageningen University and Research Centre, P.O. Box 16, 6700 AA, Wageningen, The Netherlands
W. CAO
Affiliation:
Key Laboratory of Crop Growth Regulation, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
P. S. BINDRABAN
Affiliation:
Plant Research International, Wageningen University and Research Centre, P.O. Box 16, 6700 AA, Wageningen, The Netherlands
T. DAI
Affiliation:
Key Laboratory of Crop Growth Regulation, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
D. JIANG
Affiliation:
Key Laboratory of Crop Growth Regulation, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
*
*To whom all correspondence should be addressed. Email: jingq@njau.edu.cn and jingq58@yahoo.com
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Summary

About 0·10 of the food supply in China is produced in rice–wheat (RW) cropping systems. In recent decades, nitrogen (N) input associated with intensification has increased much more rapidly than N use in these systems. The resulting nitrogen surplus increases the risk of environmental pollution as well as production costs. Limited information on N dynamics in RW systems in relation to water management hampers development of management practices leading to more efficient use of nitrogen and water. The present work studied the effects of N and water management on yields of rice and wheat, and nitrogen use efficiencies (NUEs) in RW systems. A RW field experiment with nitrogen rates from 0 to 300 kg N/ha with continuously flooded and intermittently irrigated rice crops was carried out at the Jiangpu experimental station of Nanjing Agricultural University of China from 2002 to 2004 to identify improved nitrogen management practices in terms of land productivity and NUE.

Nitrogen uptake by rice and wheat increased with increasing N rates, while agronomic NUE (kg grain/kg N applied) declined at rates exceeding 150 kg N/ha. The highest combined grain yields of rice and wheat were obtained at 150 and 300 kg N/ha per season in rice and wheat, respectively. Carry-over of residual N from rice to the subsequent wheat crop was limited, consistent with low soil nitrate after rice harvest. Total soil N hardly changed during the experiment, while soil nitrate was much lower after wheat than after rice harvest. Water management did not affect yield and N uptake by rice, but apparent N recovery was higher under intermittent irrigation (II). In one season, II management in rice resulted in higher yield and N uptake in the subsequent wheat season. Uptake of indigenous soil N was much higher in rice than in wheat, while in rice it was much higher than values reported in the literature, which may have consequences for nitrogen fertilizer recommendations based on indigenous N supply.

Type
Crops and Soils
Information
The Journal of Agricultural Science , Volume 147 , Issue 3 , June 2009 , pp. 303 - 312
Copyright
Copyright © 2009 Cambridge University Press

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

REFERENCES

AOAC (1984). Official Methods of Analysis, 14th edn. Arlington, VA: Association of Official Analytical Chemists.Google Scholar
Belder, P., Bouman, B. A. M., Cabangon, R., Lu, G., Quilang, E. J. P., Li, Y., Spiertz, J. H. J. & Tuong, T. P. (2004). Effect of water-saving irrigation on rice yield and water use in typical lowland conditions in Asia. Agricultural Water Management 65, 193–210.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Belder, P., Spiertz, J. H. J., Bouman, B. A. M., Lu, G. & Tuong, T. P. (2005). Nitrogen economy and water productivity of lowland rice under water-saving irrigation. Field Crops Research 93, 169–185.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bindraban, P. S., Sayre, K. D. & Solis-Moya, E. (1998). Identifying factors that determine kernel number in wheat. Field Crops Research 58, 223–234.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bouman, B. A. M. & Tuong, T. P. (2001). Field water management to save water and increase its productivity in irrigated lowland rice. Agricultural Water Management 49, 11–30.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bouman, B. A. M., Humphreys, E., Tuong, T. P. & Barker, R. (2006). Rice and water. Advances in Agronomy 92, 187–237.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cai, G., Zhu, Z., Trevitt, A. C. F., Freney, J. R. & Simpson, J. R. (1986). Nitrogen loss from ammonium bicarbonate and urea fertilizers applied to flooded rice. Fertilizer Research 10, 203–215.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cao, W., Jiang, D., Wang, S. & Tian, Y. (2002). Physiological characterization of rice grown under different water management systems. In Water-wise Rice Production. Proceedings of the International Workshop on Water-wise Rice Production (Eds Bouman, B. A. M., Hengsdijk, H., Hardy, B., Bindraban, P. S., Tuong, T. P. & Ladha, J. K.), pp. 249–257, Los Baños, Philippines: International Rice Research Institute (IRRI).Google Scholar
Cui, Y. T., Cheng, X., Han, C. R. & Li, R. G. (2000). The economic and ecological satisfactory amount of nitrogen fertilizer using on rice in Tai Lake Watershed. Acta Ecologica Sinica 20, 659–662.Google Scholar
De Wit, C. T. (1953). A Physical Theory on Placement of Fertilizers. Verslagen Landbouwkundig Onderzoek (Agricultural Research Reports) 59.4, s'Gravenhage, The Netherlands: Staatsdrukkerij.Google Scholar
Dobermann, A., Witt, C., Abdulrachman, S., Gines, H. C., Nagarajan, R., Son, T. T., Tan, P. S., Wang, G. H., Chien, N. V., Thoa, V. T. K., Phung, C. V., Stalin, P., Muthukrishnan, P., Ravi, V., Babu, M., Simbahan, G. C. & Adviento, M. A. A. (2003). Soil fertility and indigenous nutrient supply in irrigated rice domains of Asia. Agronomy Journal 95, 913–923.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Fan, M. S., Jiang, R. F., Liu, X. J., Zhang, F. S., Lu, S. H., Zeng, X. Z. & Christie, P. (2005). Interactions between non-flooded mulching cultivation and varying nitrogen inputs in rice-wheat rotations. Field Crops Research 91, 307–318.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
FAO (2003). Water Management: Towards 2030. Rome: FAO.Google Scholar
FAO (2006). Guidelines for Soil Description. Rome: FAO.Google Scholar
Fischer, R. A. (1985). Number of kernels in wheat crops and the influence of solar radiation and temperature. Journal of Agricultural Science, Cambridge 105, 447–461.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Huke, R. & Huke, E. (1992). Rice/Wheat Atlas of South Asia. Los Baños, Philippines: IRRI.Google Scholar
Islam, M. S. & Morison, J. I. L. (1992). Influence of solar-radiation and temperature on irrigated rice grain-yield in Bangladesh. Field Crops Research 30, 13–28.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kropff, M. J., Cassman, K. G., Peng, S., Matthews, R. B. & Setter, T. L. (1994). Quantitative understanding of yield potential. In Breaking the Yield Barrier (Ed. Cassman, K. G.), pp. 21–38. Los Baños, Philippines: IRRI.Google Scholar
Ladha, J. K., Dawe, D., Ventura, T. S., Singh, U., Ventura, W. & Watanabe, I. (2000). Long-term effects of urea and green manure on rice yields and nitrogen balance. Soil Science Society of America Journal 64, 1993–2001.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Li, Y. & Zhang, J. (1999). Agricultural diffuse pollution from fertilisers and pesticides in China. Water Science and Technology 39, 25–32.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lin, S., Dittert, K., Tao, H., Kreye, C., Xu, Y., Shen, Q., Fan, X. & Sattelmacher, B. (2002). The ground-cover rice production system (GCRPS): a successful new approach to save water and increase nitrogen fertilizer efficiency? In Water-wise Rice Production. Proceedings of the International Workshop on Water-wise Rice Production (Eds Bouman, B. A. M., Hengsdijk, H., Hardy, B., Bindraban, P. S., Tuong, T. P. & Ladha, J. K.), pp. 187–195. Los Baños, Philippines: IRRI.Google Scholar
Mao, Z. (1993). Study on evaluation of irrigation performance in China. In Proceedings of Asian Regional Symposium on Maintenance and Operation of Irrigation/Drainage Scheme and Improved Performance, pp. 6–35. Beijing.Google Scholar
Nix, H. A. (1976). Climate and crop productivity in Australia. In Climate and Rice (Ed. Yoshida, S.), pp. 495–507. Los Baños, Philippines: IRRI.Google Scholar
Ortiz-Monasterio, J. I., Dhillon, S. S. & Fischer, R. A. (1994). Date of sowing effects on grain yield and yield components of irrigated spring wheat genotypes and relationships with radiation and temperature in Ludhiana, India. Field Crops Research 37, 169–184.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Peng, S., Huang, J., Zhong, X., Yang, J., Wang, G. & Zou, Y. (2002). Research strategy in improving fertilizer-nitrogen use efficiency of irrigated rice in China. Scientia Agricultura Sinica 35, 1095–1103.Google Scholar
Timsina, J. & Connor, D. (2001). Productivity and management of rice-wheat cropping systems: issues and challenges. Field Crops Research 69, 93–132.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Timsina, J., Singh, U., Badaruddin, M., Meisner, C. & Amin, M. R. (2001). Cultivar, nitrogen, and water effects on productivity, and nitrogen-use efficiency and balance for rice-wheat sequences of Bangladesh. Field Crops Research 72, 143–161.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Van Keulen, H. (1982). Graphical analysis of annual crop response to fertilizer application. Agricultural Systems 9, 113–126.Google Scholar
Wang, D. J., Lin, J. H., Sun, R. J., Xia, L. Z. & Lian, G. (2003). Optimum nitrogen rate for a high productive rice-wheat system and its impact on the groundwater in the Taihu Lake area. Acta Pedologica Sinica 40, 426–432.Google Scholar
Witt, C. & Dobermann, A. (2004). Towards a decision support system for site-specific nutrient management. In Increasing Productivity of Intensive Rice Systems Through Site-specific Nutrient Management (Eds Dobermann, A., Witt, C. & Dawe, D.), pp. 359–396. Enfield, NH, USA/Los Baños, Philippines: Science Publishers Inc./IRRI.Google Scholar
Xie, C., Cheng, G. & Feng, Z. (1995). Managing techniques for high-yield cultivation in mechanical direct seeding rice fields and line seeding wheat fields under mechanised minimum tillage. Acta Agriculturae Shanghai 11, 57–62.Google Scholar
Xing, G. X. & Zhu, Z. L. (2000). An assessment of N loss from agricultural fields to the environment in China. Nutrient Cycling in Agroecosystems 57, 67–73.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Xu, X. & Wu, J. (1999). Effective utilization of N fertilizers by wheat and the effects of N fertilizer application on pollution of water body environment. Chinese Journal of Soil Science 30, 268–270.Google Scholar
Yang, C. M., Yang, L. Z., Yang, Y. X. & Zhu, O. Y. (2004). Rice root growth and nutrient uptake as influenced by organic manure in continuously and alternately flooded paddy soils. Agricultural Water Management 70, 67–81.Google Scholar
Zheng, J. (2000). Rice–wheat cropping system in China. In Soil and Crop Management Practices for Enhanced Productivity of the Rice–Wheat Cropping System in the Sichuan Province of China (Eds Hobbs, P. R. & Gupta, R. K.), pp. 1–10. Rice–Wheat Consortium Paper Series 9. New Delhi, India: Rice–Wheat Consortium for the Indo-Gangetic Plains.Google Scholar
Zhu, J. G., Han, Y., Liu, G., Zhang, Y. L. & Shao, X. H. (2000). Nitrogen in percolation water in paddy fields with a rice/wheat rotation. Nutrient Cycling in Agroecosystems 57, 75–82.Google Scholar
Zhu, Z. L., Cai, G. X., Simpson, J. R., Zhang, S. L., Chen, D. L., Jackson, A. V. & Freney, J. R. (1989). Processes of nitrogen loss from fertilizers applied to flooded rice fields on a calcareous soil in North-central China. Fertilizer Research 18, 101–115.CrossRefGoogle Scholar