Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-dh8gc Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-17T19:20:53.688Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Losses of nitrogen and other plant nutrients to drainage from soil under grass

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  27 March 2009

E. A. Garwood  and
K. C. Tyson
E. A. Garwood
Affiliation:
The Grassland Research Institute, Hurley, Berkshire
K. C. Tyson
Affiliation:
The Grassland Research Institute, Hurley, Berkshire
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Summary

Drainage lysimeters were used to estimate actual transpiration of a perennial ryegrass sward; this is compared with the calculated values for potential transpiration. Losses to drainage of nitrate nitrogen (NO3–-N) under differing levels of application of nitrogen fertilizer were examined. When 250 kg N/ha were applied annually losses of NO3-N were negligible; when 500 kg N/ha were applied up to 142·9 kg N/ha were lost to drainage. Concentration of NO3-N in the leachate with an application of 250 kg N/ha was low (1–5 ppm); with 500 kg N/ha the concentration ranged from 10 to 109 ppm. Losses of NO3–-N were particularly severe during winter following a dry autumn. When drainage occurred during the growing season losses were minimal.

Concentrations and quantities of K, Ca, Mg, Na, P, Cl and S (as sulphate) leached wore also examined.

Type
Research Article
Information
The Journal of Agricultural Science , Volume 80 , Issue 2 , April 1973 , pp. 303 - 312
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1973

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Brockington, N. R. (1970). A simulation model of grass production in relation to water supply. A. Rep. Grassld Res. Inst. 1969, 140–9.Google Scholar
Carter, J. N. & Allison, F. E. (1960). Investigations on Denitrification in well aerated soils. Soil Sci. 90, 173–7.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cooke, G. W. & Williams, K. J. B. (1970). Losses of nitrogen and phosphorus from agricultural land. Wat. Treat, and Exam. 19, 253–76.Google Scholar
Dow, A. I., Moodie, C. D. & Stanberry, C. O. (1953). Movement of ammonium nitrogen and phosphorus in alkaline irrigated soil. Agron. J. 45, 353–6.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Garwood, E. A. & Williams, T. E. (1967). Soil water use and growth of a grass sward. J. agric. Sci., Camb. 68, 281–92.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Grassland Research Institute (1960). Lysimeter study. A. Rep. Grassld Res. Inst. 1958–1959, p. 57.Google Scholar
Hebert, J. (1966). Proc. ist gen. Meet. eur. Grassld Fed., 69–74.Google Scholar
Hendrick, J. & Welsh, H. D. (1938). Further results from the Craibstone Drain Gauges. Trans. R. Highld agric. Soc. Scotl. 50, 184–202.Google Scholar
Kolenbrander, G. J. (1969). Nitrate content and nitrogen loss in drain water. Neth. J. agric. Sci. 17, 246–55.Google Scholar
Kolenbrander, G. J. (1970). Calculation of parameters for the evaluation of the leaching of salts under field conditions, illustrated by nitrate. Pl. Soil 32, 439–53.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Low, A. J. & Armitage, E. R. (1970). The composition of the leachate through cropped and uncropped soils in lysimeters compared with that of rain. Pl. Soil, 33, 393–411.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
M.A.F.F. (1968). Loss of plant nutrients in drainage water. Great House. Review 1968, 37–9.Google Scholar
Miller, N. H. J. (1906). The amount and composition of the drainage through unmanured and uncropped land, Barnfield, Rothamsted. J. agric. Sci., Camb. 1, 377–99.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Nelson, C. E. (1953). Methods of applying ammonium nitrate fertiliser on field corn, and a study of the movement of NH4+ and NO3 nitrogen in the soil under irrigation. Agron. J. 45, 154–7.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Nelson, C. E. (1961). Movement of NH4+ and NO3- nitrogen from five nitrogen carriers banded in two row treatments under irrigation. Washington Agric. Exp. Stn Circ. 380, p. 14.Google Scholar
Penman, H. L. (1949). The dependence of transpiration on weather and soil conditions. J. Soil Sci. 1, 74–89.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Penman, H. L. (1952). Experiments on irrigation of sugar beet. J. agric. Sci., Camb. 42, 286–92.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Smith, L. P. (1967). Potential Transpiration. Tech. Bull. Minist. Agric. Fish. Fd No. 16.Google Scholar
Stevenson, C. M. (1968). Analysis of the chemical composition of rain water and air over the British Isles and Eire for the years 1959–64. Q. Jl R. met. Soc. 94, 56–70.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Thomas, G. W. (1970). Soil and climatic factors which affect Nutrient Mobility. Soil Soc. Sci. Am. Spec. Publn No. 4, pp. 1–20.Google Scholar
Tomlinson, T. E. (1970). Trends in nitrate concentrations in English rivers in relation to fertiliser use. Wat. Treat, and Exam. 19, 277–93.Google Scholar
Tomlinson, T. E. (1971). Nutrient losses from agricultural land. Outl. Agric. 6, 272–8.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Viets, F. G., Humbert, R. P., Nelson, & , C. E. (1967). Fertilisers in relation to irrigation practice. In Irrigation of Agricultural Lands. Agronomy Monograph 11, A.S.A. 1009–23.Google Scholar
Williams, R. J. B. (1971). The chemical composition of water from land drains at Saxmundham and Woburn, and the influence of rainfall on nutrient losses. Rep. Rothamsted exp. Stn 1970, pp. 36–67.Google Scholar
Woldendorp, J. W., Dilz, K. & Kolenbrander, G. J. (1965). The fate of fertiliser nitrogen on permanent grassland soils. Proc. 1st gen. Meet. eur. Grassld Fed., pp. 53–68.Google Scholar