Hostname: page-component-848d4c4894-4hhp2 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-05-13T11:21:39.889Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

The digestion, by sheep, of diets containing different physical forms of rapeseed

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  27 March 2009

S. M. Pallister  and
R. R. Smithard
S. M. Pallister
Affiliation:
Department of Agricultural Biochemistry and Nutrition, University of Newcastle upon Tyne, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU
R. R. Smithard
Affiliation:
Department of Agricultural Biochemistry and Nutrition, University of Newcastle upon Tyne, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Summary

The effect of including full-fat rapeseed (Brassica napus, cv. Jet Neuf) into diets for mature wether sheep was studied. A 4 × 4 latin square was carried out with diets containing 4% rapeseed oil in different physical forms: as intact seeds; as a mixture of rapeseed oil and rapeseed meal; or as an extruded rapeseed product. A control diet, containing rapeseed meal but no added oil, was also fed.

There was no effect of added oil on rumen fermentation or dietary fibre digestibility. Extrusion had the effect of lowering nutrient availability, both in the rumen and in the small intestine. Total nitrogen digestibility for the diet containing the extruded product was 5% lower than any other diet.

All diets produced apparent net gains between mouth and duodenum of ether extract; however, the diet containing dispersed oil and meal was the only one that did not show apparent synthesis of long-chain fatty acids in the forestomach. Apparent disappearances of fatty acids in the small intestine were highest, at 56 and 58 g/day respectively, for the diets containing the extruded product and the intact whole seeds. Extrusion had the effect of reducing apparent biohydrogenation of 18:1 in the forestomach.

The use of extruded rapeseed in this experiment showed little benefit over that of intact rapeseed, for sheep, owing to the lower digestion of nutrients for the heated supplement. The free-dispersal of rapeseed oil in the diet, however, may inhibit microbial synthesis in the rumen.

Type
Research Article
Information
The Journal of Agricultural Science , Volume 109 , Issue 3 , December 1987 , pp. 459 - 465
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1987

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Andrews, R. J. & Lewis, D. (1970). The utilization of dietary fats by ruminants. I. The digestibility of some commercially available fats. Journal of Agricultural Science, Cambridge 75, 47–54.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Beever, D. E. & Thompson, D. J. (1981). The potential of protected proteins in ruminant nutrition. In Recent Developments in Ruminant Nutrition (ed. Haresign, W. and Cole, D. J. A.), pp. 82–98. London: Butterworths.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Beever, D. E., Thomson, D. J., Pfeffer, E. & Armstrong, D. G. (1971). The effect of drying and ensiling grass on its digestion in sheep. Sites of energy and carbohydrate digestion. British Journal of Nutrition 26, 123–134.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Bell, J. M. (1984). Nutrients and toxicants in rapeseed meal: a review. Journal of Animal Science 58, 996–1010.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Brown, G. F., Armstrong, D. G. & MacRae, J. C. (1968). The establishment in one operation of a cannula into the rumen and re-entrant cannulae into the duodenum and ileum of the sheep. British Veterinary Journal 124, 78–82.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Chalupa, W., Rickabaugh, B., Kronfeld, D. S. & Sklan, D. (1984). Rumen fermentation in vitro as influenced by long-chain fatty acids. Journal of Dairy Science 67, 1439–1444.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Devandra, C. & Lewis, D. (1974). The interaction between dietary lipids and fibre in the sheep. 2. Digestibility studies. Animal Production 19, 67–76.Google Scholar
Fenwick, G. R. (1982). The assessment of a new protein source — rapeseed. Proceedings of the Nutrition Society 41, 277–288.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Henderson, C. (1973). The effects of fatty acids on pure cultures of rumen bacteria. Journal of Agricultural Science, Cambridge 81, 107–112.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ikwuegbu, O. A. & Sutton, J. D. (1982). The effect of varying the amount of linseed oil supplementation on rumen metabolism in sheep. British Journal of Nutrition 37, 251–257.Google Scholar
Kowalczyk, J., Orskov, E. R., Robinson, J. J. & Steward, C. S. (1977). Effect of fat supplementation on voluntary food intake and rumen metabolism in sheep. British Journal of Nutrition 37, 251–258.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Laycock, K. A. & Miller, E. L. (1981). Nitrogen solubility and protein degradability of commercially and laboratory prepared rapeseed and soyabean meals. Proceedings of the Nutrition Society 40, 103A.Google Scholar
Lindberg, J. E., Soliman, H. S. & Sanne, S. (1982). A study of the rumen degradability of untreated and heattreated rapeseed meal and of whole rapeseed, including a comparison between two nylon bag techniques. Swedish Journal of Agricultural Research 112, 83–88.Google Scholar
McDonald, I. W. & Scott, T. W. (1977). Foods of ruminant origin with elevated content of polyunsaturated fatty acids. World Review of Nutrition and Dietetics 26, 144–207.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
McMeniman, N. P. & Armstrong, D. G. (1979). The flow of amino acids into the small intestine of cattle when fed heated and unheated beans (Vicia faba). Journal of Agricultural Science, Cambridge 93, 181–188.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Maczulak, A. E., Dehority, B. A. & Palmquist, D. L. (1981). Effects of long-chain fatty acids on growth of rumen bacteria. Applied and Environmental Microbiology 42, 856–862.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food (1980). Annual Review of Agriculture. London: Her Majesty's Stationery Office.Google Scholar
Ministry of Agriculture Fisheries and Food (1985). Annual Review of Agriculture. London: Her Majesty's Stationery Office.Google Scholar
Outen, G. E., Beever, D. E. & Fenlon, J. S. (1976). Direct methylation of long-chain fatty acids in feeds, digesta and faeces without prior extraction. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture 27, 419–425.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Rafalowski, W. & Park, C. S. (1982). Whole sunflower seed as a fat supplement for lactating cows. Journal of Dairy Science 65, 1484–1492.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rooke, J. A., Brookes, I. M. & Armstrong, D. G. (1983). The digestion of untreated and formaldehyde-treated soya-bean and rapeseed meals by cattle fed a basal silage diet. Journal of Agricultural Science, Cambridge 100, 329–342.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sahlu, T., Schingoethe, D. J. & Clark, A. K. (1984). Lactational and chemical evaluation of soyabean meals heat-treated by two methods. Journal of Dairy Science 67, 1725–1738.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Smith, N. E., Collar, L. S., Bath, D. L., Dunklby, W. L. & Franke, A. A. (1981). Digestibility and effects of whole cottonseed fed to lactating cows. Journal of Dairy Science 64, 2209–2215.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Snedecor, G. W. & Cochran, W. G. (1967). Statistical Methods, 6th ed.Ames, Iowa: Iowa State University Press.Google Scholar
Stern, M. D., Santos, K. A. & Satter, L. D. (1985). Protein degradation in rumen and amino acid absorption in small intestine of lactating dairy cattle fed heattreated whole soyabeans. Journal of Dairy Science 68, 45–56.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Storry, J. E. (1981). The effect of dietary fat on milk composition. In Recent Advances in Animal Nutrition (ed. Haresign, W.), pp. 3–33. London: Butterworths.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sutton, J. D., Smith, R. H., McAllen, A. B., Storry, J. E. & Corse, D. A. (1975). Effect of variations in dietary protein and of supplements of cod-liver oil on energy digestion and microbial synthesis in the rumen of sheep fed hay and concentrates. Journal of Agricultural Science, Cambridge 84, 317–326.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Van Soest, P. J. (1963). Use of detergents in the analysis of fibrous feeds. II. A rapid method for the determination of fibre and lignin. Journal of the Association of Official Agricultural Chemists 46, 829–835.Google Scholar
Yu, Y. (1978). Effect of treating full-fat whole soyabeans with dry heat or formaldehyde on digestibilities of nitrogen and polyenoic acids. Journal of Dairy Science 61, 128–131.CrossRefGoogle Scholar