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Instrumental activities of daily living performance in healthy and cognitively intact seniors from a Brazilian sample and its relation to age and other socio-demographic variables

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  04 January 2012

Pedro Fonseca Zuccolo ,
Renata Ávila ,
Eduardo Y. Nakano ,
Júlio Litvoc ,
Marcos A. Lopes  and
Cássio M. C. Bottino
Pedro Fonseca Zuccolo*
Affiliation:
Programa Terceira Idade (PROTER, Old Age Research Group), Institute and Department of Psychiatry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
Renata Ávila
Affiliation:
Programa Terceira Idade (PROTER, Old Age Research Group), Institute and Department of Psychiatry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
Eduardo Y. Nakano
Affiliation:
Department of Statistics, University of Brasília, Brasília (DF), Brazil
Júlio Litvoc
Affiliation:
Department of Preventive Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
Marcos A. Lopes
Affiliation:
School of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo Hospital of Clinics, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
Cássio M. C. Bottino
Affiliation:
Programa Terceira Idade (PROTER, Old Age Research Group), Institute and Department of Psychiatry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
*
Correspondence should be addressed to: Pedro Fonseca Zuccolo, Programa Terceira Idade, Instituto de Psiquiatria, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, Rua Ovídeo Pires de Campos, 785 – Cerqueira César CEP 05403-010, São Paulo, SP, Brazil. Phone: +55 11 3069 6973; Fax: 55 11 3069 8018. Email: pedrozuccolo@yahoo.com.br.
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Abstract

Background: Studies on functional capacity in community-dwelling older people have shown associations between declines in instrumental activities of daily living (IADL) and several factors. Among these, age has been the most consistently related to functional capacity independent of other variables. We aimed at evaluating the performance of a sample of healthy and cognitively intact Brazilian older people on activities of daily living and to analyze its relation to social-demographic variables.

Methods: We conducted a secondary analysis of data collected for previous epidemiological studies with community-dwelling subjects aged 60 years or more. We selected subjects who did not have dementia or depression, and with no history of neurological diseases, heart attack, HIV, hepatitis or arthritis (n = 1,111). Functional capacity was assessed using the Brazilian version of the Older American Resources and Services Questionnaire (BOMFAQ). ADL performance was analyzed according to age, gender, education, and marital status (Pearson's χ2, logistic regression).

Results: IADL difficulties were present in our sample, especially in subjects aged 80 years or more, with lower levels of education, or widowed. The logistic regression analysis results indicated that “higher age” and “lower education” (p ≤ 0.001) remained significantly associated with IADL difficulty.

Conclusions: Functional decline was present in older subjects even in the absence of medical conditions and cognitive impairment. Clinicians and researchers could benefit from knowing what to expect from older people regarding IADL performance in the absence of medical conditions.

Keywords

ADLagingphysical illnessdementia
Type
Research Article
Information
International Psychogeriatrics , Volume 24 , Issue 5 , May 2012 , pp. 784 - 793
Copyright
Copyright © International Psychogeriatric Association 2012

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