A specimen from the Krosno Beds (Oligocene) of the Polish Carpathians shows irregular scour casts, in the shallower parts of which terracing is horizontal but in the deeper parts of which it is dipping at up to 27°. It is inferred the the original sea floor consisted of cross-laminated surface layers. The palaeocurrent significance of inclined terraces is discussed.

The argillaceous siltstones of the floodplains contain, on average, 15% of calcium carbonate. This appears to have been precipitated between the detrital grains shortly after their deposition. The siltstones also contain calcium carbonate concretions which formed as the ground water dried out in the upper part of the water table. Bedded marlstones, containing up to 68% of carbonate in the lakes appears to have been stimulated by Charophyte algae. The marlstones include dolomite in some parts of the Formation. The channel-fill deposits include carbonate detritus from the source areas, and from reworking of Wood Bay Formation sediments. They are frequently cemented by calcite.

The regional pattern of carbonate derivation, transportation and deposition is summarized.

It is proposed that the term pyrothalassite should be used to describe the materials that form the outer and upper covering of a volcanic edifice that rises from the sea bed, and it includes the fragmental materials produced by hydroexplosions and surf action in the upper layers of the sea. This material is both porous and enriched in thalassophile elements. These two characteristics give a pyrothalassite layer the ability to exert a profound influence on the magmatic evolution of volcanic islands that contain, or contained, such a layer.

A detailed account is given of the structural features of the Strathspey Granite and Pegmatite Complex together with information about the metamorphic and tectonic environment of the surrounding metasediments. The evidence indicates that the granite core of the complex was intruded shortly after the latest phase of folding recorded in the area had taken place. The country rocks were still at relatively high temperatures at the time of intrusion and were deformed by the granite. The granite emplacement is also shown to be a separate event not directly connected with the formation of the regional migmatite complex, which extends for 48 km to the north-east.

Geological discontinuities, lineaments, field observations, and interpreted π-girdles demonstrate a left lateral, NNW trending transcurrent fault in the Sarawak-kiri valley of West Sarawak. Topography and geology also suggest that the fault belongs to an important fracture zone that extends well into Indonesian Kalimantan, and continues in a northerly direction along the edge of the Sunda Shelf beneath the South China Sea.

Comparison with transcurrent faulting occuring in the Malay Peninsula and a probable wrench fault between Palawan island and Sabah (North Borneo) reveals the continental part of southeast Asia to have rotated counter-clockwise up to Lower Palaeogene time, probably as a response to spreading of the Pacific ocean floor.

Calcareous nannoplankton from the Brockenhurst Bed of Whitecliff Bay, Isle of Wight, belong to zone NP 20 of the standard Palaeogene calcareous nannoplankton zonation, indicating that the stratigraphic position of the Brockenhurst Bed is in the uppermost Eocene, and not equivalent to the type Lattorfian (Lower Oligocene).

Clearly boudined and folded igneous sheets occur in Durness Limestone on the south side of the Tertiary Ben an Dubhaich granite. Obvious Tertiary dykes in nearby Mesozoic rocks are not deformed at all, nor has such deformation been described previously from the Caledonian activity in the Cambro-Ordovician of the north-west Highlands. Its appearance here does fit Clough's description (in Peach et al. 1907) of an unusually strong Caledonian penetrative deformation in the Strath Limestone, while the fact that all but one of the sheets are dolerites, a rock not elsewhere known from the Cambro-Ordovician but typical rather of the Tertiary activity for which Skye is famous, and that the other is a two feldspar porphyry very like the Ben an Dubhaich granite, point to the possibility of Tertiary deformation.

Evidence of substantial dextral strike-slip displacements along the Caledonoid fault-set of northern Lleyn is revealed by the distribution of Pre-Cambrian igneous and metamorphic rocks, Ordovician volcanic rocks and Caledonian ‘early granodioritic’ intrusions. These apparently occurred prior to some smaller sinistral strike-slip movements which left total net dextral displacements of 91/2 km. Both types of movement were completed before the Caledonoid faults were disrupted by NNW sinistral faulting and more intrusions of Lower Old Red Sandstone age were emplaced.

Palaeocurrent directions from cross-beds in the Proterozoic Kimberley Basin sediments, north-western Australia indicate sediment transport predominantly from the north-east in the lower part of the succession, and from the north-west in the middle and upper parts. Most of the sediment was probably derived from the north and only a little from the adjacent exposed areas of older Pre-Cambrian rocks to the south. The suggested northerly source of the sediment is consistent with a probable former position of Western Australia close to Peninsular India and to Burma.

The historical background of correlations between various Dalradian successions is examined, and on the basis of recent mapping and observations it is suggested that the Ballachulish succession is the downward extension of the standard Perthshire sequence.

Reddish-brown glacial till containing millet seed sand grains occurs on Fair Isle, Shetland. Both the colour and the millet seed grains may have come from Permo-Triassic sandstones on the sea floor in the neighbourhood of Fair Isle, since the Devonian rocks of the area are not often red and do not give rise to till containing millet seed grains.

A basic augite-hypersthene-hornfels, which escaped a subsequent regional amphibolite facies metamorphism, is preserved adjacent to a gabbroic intrusion of the Basic Plutonic Complex. The hornfels and two dolerites have been analysed and their compositions compared with similar rocks from Duluth and Skye. It appears that Si, Na and K have been removed from the dolerites, and the resultant hornfels relatively enriched in Fe, Mg, Ti and Ca.