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Genetics Research Genetics Research

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Separate effects of triploidy, parentage and genomic diversity upon feeding behaviour, metabolic efficiency and net energy balance in the Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  18 January 2001

A. J. S. HAWKINS ,
A. MAGOULAS ,
M. HÉRAL ,
S. BOUGRIER ,
Y. NACIRI-GRAVEN ,
A. J. DAY  and
G. KOTOULAS
A. J. S. HAWKINS
Affiliation:
Plymouth Marine Laboratory, Centre for Coastal Marine Sciences, Natural Environment Research Council, West Hoe, Plymouth PL1 3DH, UK
A. MAGOULAS
Affiliation:
Institute of Marine Biology of Crete, PO Box 2214, 710 03 Iraklion, Crete, Greece
M. HÉRAL
Affiliation:
Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer, BP 133, Ronce les Bains, 17 390 La Tremblade, France
S. BOUGRIER
Affiliation:
Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer, BP 133, Ronce les Bains, 17 390 La Tremblade, France
Y. NACIRI-GRAVEN
Affiliation:
Conservatoire et Jardin botaniques, 1 chemin de l'Imperatrice, Case Poswtale 60, CH-1292 Chambesy, Geneva, Switzerland
A. J. DAY
Affiliation:
Plymouth Marine Laboratory, Centre for Coastal Marine Sciences, Natural Environment Research Council, West Hoe, Plymouth PL1 3DH, UK
G. KOTOULAS
Affiliation:
Institute of Marine Biology of Crete, PO Box 2214, 710 03 Iraklion, Crete, Greece
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Abstract

Triploid oysters were induced using cytochalasin B upon retention of either the first (meiosis I triploids) or the second (meiosis II triploids) polar body in embryos from a single cohort derived from mixed parentage. Allozyme and microsatellite assays enabled the confirmation of both parentage and triploidy status in each oyster. Comparison of meiosis I triploids, meiosis II triploids and diploid siblings established that improved physiological performance in triploids was associated with increased allelic variation, rather than with the quantitative dosage effects of ploidy status. An unidentified maternal influence also interacted with genotype. Among full sibs, allelic variation measured as multi-locus enzyme heterozygosity accounted for up to 42% of the variance in physiological performance; significant positive influences were identified upon feeding rate, absorption efficiency, net energy balance and growth efficiency (= net energy balance ÷ energy absorbed). Whilst allelic variation was greater in both meiosis I and meiosis II triploids than in diploid siblings, both allelic variation and net energy balance were highest in triploids induced at meiosis I. This suggests that it may be preferable to induce triploidy by blocking meiosis I, rather than meiosis II as has traditionally been undertaken during commercial breeding programmes.

Type
Research Article
Information
Genetics Research , Volume 76 , Issue 3 , December 2000 , pp. 273 - 284
Copyright
© 2000 Cambridge University Press

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Separate effects of triploidy, parentage and genomic diversity upon feeding behaviour, metabolic efficiency and net energy balance in the Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas
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Separate effects of triploidy, parentage and genomic diversity upon feeding behaviour, metabolic efficiency and net energy balance in the Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas
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Separate effects of triploidy, parentage and genomic diversity upon feeding behaviour, metabolic efficiency and net energy balance in the Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas
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