Hostname: page-component-8448b6f56d-cfpbc Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-04-25T05:19:14.965Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

INCREASING THE IMPACTS OF PARTICIPATORY RESEARCH

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  01 January 2008

J. HELLIN*
Affiliation:
International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), Apdo. Postal 6-641, 06600 Mexico, D.F., Mexico
M. R. BELLON
Affiliation:
Bioversity International, Via dei Tre Denari, 472/a, 00057 Maccarese, Rome, Italy
L. BADSTUE
Affiliation:
International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), Apdo. Postal 6-641, 06600 Mexico, D.F., Mexico
J. DIXON
Affiliation:
International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), Apdo. Postal 6-641, 06600 Mexico, D.F., Mexico
R. LA ROVERE
Affiliation:
International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), Apdo. Postal 6-641, 06600 Mexico, D.F., Mexico
*
Corresponding author. E-mail: J.hellin@cgiar.org

Summary

Farmer participation in agricultural research can improve the efficiency and impact of the research. This functional component of participatory research includes the identification of traits that guide crop breeders' work. Participatory research can also lead to farmer empowerment, although when carried out by research organizations, direct empowerment is often limited to relatively few farmers. Farmer empowerment is, therefore, best carried out by development organizations whose longer-term interaction with farmers is likely to ensure that greater numbers of farmers benefit. Hence, research organizations ought to focus on the functional components of participatory research along with the empowerment of intermediate/partner organizations rather than the direct empowerment of large numbers of farmers.

Type
Research Article
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2008

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

REFERENCES

Almekinders, C. J. M. and Elings, A. (2001). Collaboration of farmers and breeders: participatory crop improvement in perspective. Euphytica 122:425438.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ashby, J. A., Braun, A. R., Gracia, T., Guerrero, M. P., Hernández, L. A., Quirós, C. A. and Roa, J. I. (2000). Investing in Farmers as Researchers: Experience with Local Agricultural Research Committees in Latin America. Cali, Colombia: CIAT.Google Scholar
Badstue, L. B., Bellon, M. R., Berthaud, J., Juárez, X., Manuel, I. R., Solano, A. M. and Ramírez, A. (2006). Examining the role of collective action in an informal seed system: a case study from the Central Valleys of Oaxaca, Mexico. Human Ecology 34:249273.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bellon, M. R. (2001). Participatory Research Methods for Technology Evaluation: A Manual for Scientists Working with Farmers. Mexico, DF: CIMMYT.Google Scholar
Bellon, M. R. (2004). Conceptualizing interventions to support on-farm genetic resource conservation. World Development 32:159172.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bellon, M. R., Berthaud, J., Smale, M., Aguirre, J. A., Taba, S., Aragón, F., Díaz, J. and Castro, H. (2003). Participatory landrace selection for on-farm conservation: an example from the Central Valleys of Oaxaca, Mexico. Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution 50:401416.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bellon, M. R., Adato, M., Becerril, J. and Mindek, D. (2005). Impact of Improved Maize Germplasm on Poverty Alleviation: The Case of Tuxpeño-Derived Materials in Mexico. Mexico, DF: CIMMYT.Google Scholar
Bentley, J. W. (1993). What farmers don't know. Ceres 14:4245.Google Scholar
Bentley, J. W., Prior, S., Aley, P., Correa, J., Torres, R., Equise, H., Quiruchi, J. L. and Barea, O. (2006). Method, creativity and CIALs. International Journal of Agricultural Resources, Governance and Ecology 5:90105.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Biggs, S. D. (1988). Resource poor farmer participation in research: a synthesis of experiences from nine national agricultural research systems. OFCOR Comparative Study Paper No. 3. The Hague: ISNAR.Google Scholar
Biggs, S. (1990). A multiple source of innovation model of agricultural research and technology promotion. World Development 18:14811499.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Biggs, S. and Smith, S. (2003). Paradox of learning in project cycle management and the role of organisational culture. World Development 31:17431757.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Braun, A. R., Thiele, G. and Fernández, M. (2000). Farmer field schools and local agricultural research committees: complementary platforms for integrated decision-making in sustainable agriculture. Agricultural Research and Extension Network Paper No. 105. London: Overseas Development Institute.Google Scholar
Bunch, R. (1982). Two Ears of Corn: A Guide to People-Centered Agriculture. Oklahoma, USA: World Neighbors.Google Scholar
Ceccarelli, S. and Grando, S. (2007). Decentralized-participatory plant breeding: an example of demand driven research. Euphytica. (On-line version accessed 14 March 2007.)CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ceccarelli, S., Grando, S., Singh, M., Michael, M., Shikho, A., Al Issa, M., Al Saleh, A., Kaleonjy, G., Al Ghanem, S. M., Al Hasan, A. L., Dalla, H., Basha, S. and Basha, T. (2003). A methodological study on participatory barley breeding. II. Response to selection. Euphytica 133:185200.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Chambers, R., Pacey, A. and Thrup, L. A. (Eds). (1989). Farmer First: Farmer Innovation and Agricultural Research. London: Intermediate Technology Publications.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
de Janvry, A. and Kassam, A. H. (2004). Towards a regional approach to research for the CGIAR and its partners. Experimental Agriculture 40:159178.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Delmer, D. P. (2005). Agriculture in the developing world: connecting innovations in plant research to downstream applications. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 102:1573915746.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Dixon, J., Gulliver, A. and Gibbon, D. (2001). Farming Systems and Poverty: Improving Farmers' Livelihoods in a Changing World. Rome: FAO.Google Scholar
Ellis, F. (2000). Rural Livelihoods and Diversity in Developing Countries. New York: Oxford University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Evenson, R. E. and Gollin, D. (2003). Assessing the impact of the Green Revolution, 1960 to 2000. Science 300:758762.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Humphries, S., Gonzales, J., Jimenez, J. and Sierra, F. (2000). Searching for sustainable land use practices in Honduras: lessons from a programme of participatory research with hillside farmers. Agricultural Research & Extension Network Paper 104. London: Overseas Development Institute.Google Scholar
Johnson, N. L., Lilja, N. and Ashby, J. A. (2003). Measuring the impact of user participation in agricultural and natural resource management research. Agricultural Systems 78:287306.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
La Rovere, R., Aw-Hassan, A., Turkelboom, F. and Thomas, R. (2006). Characterizing rural livelihoods to better target research to poverty: the case of the dry marginal areas of Syria. Development and Change 37:122.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
La Rovere, R., Flores, D., Hodson, D., van Bemmelen, I., Aquino, P., Ramírez, A., Carrasco, E., Hernández, V., Manuel, I. and Carrión, F. (2007). Livelihood Impacts of Maize Research Projects in the Central Valleys of Oaxaca, Mexico. Mexico, DF: CIMMYT.Google Scholar
Lilja, N. and Bellon, M. R. (2006). Analysis of Participatory Research Projects in the International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center. Mexico, DF: CIMMYT.Google Scholar
Long, N. (2001). Development Sociology. Actor Perspectives. London: Routledge.Google Scholar
Manuel, I. R. (2005). Uso del silo metálico como alternativa de almacenamiento de maíz en los Valles Centrales de Oaxaca. MSc Thesis, Colegio de Postgraduados, Puebla, Mexico.Google Scholar
Matsuoka, Y., Vigouroux, Y., Goodman, M. M., Sanchez, J., Buckler, G. E. and Doebley, J. (2002). A single domestication for maize shown by multilocus microsatellite genotyping. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 99:6080–6084.Google Scholar
Maurya, D. M., Bottrall, A. and Farrington, J. (1988). Improved livelihoods, genetic diversity and farmer participation: a strategy for rice breeding in rainfed area of India. Experimental Agriculture 24:311320.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Morris, M. L. and Bellon, M. R. (2004). Participatory plant breeding research: opportunities and challenges for the international crop improvement system. Euphytica 136:2135.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mustafa, Y., Grando, S. and Ceccarelli, S. (2006). Assessing the benefits and costs of participatory and conventional barley breeding programs in Syria. Aleppo, Syria: ICARDA.Google Scholar
Okali, C., Sumberg, J. and Farrington, J. (1994). Farmer Participatory Research: Rhetoric and Reality. London: Intermediate Technology Publications.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pressoir, G. and Berthaud, J. (2004a). Patterns of population structure in maize landraces from the Central Valleys of Oaxaca in Mexico. Heredity 92:8894.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Pressoir, G. and Berthaud, J. (2004b). Population structure and strong divergent selection shape phenotypic diversification in maize landraces. Heredity 92:95101.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Pretty, J. N. (1995). Regenerating Agriculture: Policies and Practice for Sustainability and Self-Reliance. London: Earthscan Publications.Google Scholar
Scoones, I. and Thompson, J. (Eds). (1994). Beyond Farmer First: Rural People's Knowledge, Agricultural Research and Extension Practice. London: Intermediate Technology Publications.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Smale, M., Aguirre, J. A., Bellon, M., Mendoza, J. and Rosas, I. M. (1999). Farmer management of maize diversity in the Central Valleys of Oaxaca, Mexico: 1998 baseline socioeconomic survey. Economics Working Paper No. 99–09. Mexico, DF: CIMMYT.Google Scholar
Smale, M., Bellon, M. R., Aguirre, A., Manuel, I., Mendoza, J., Solano, A. M.. Martínez, R. and Ramírez, A. (2003). The economic costs and benefits of a participatory project to conserve maize landraces on farms in Oaxaca, Mexico. Agricultural Economics 29:265276.Google Scholar
Sperling, L., Ashby, J. A., Smith, M. E., Weltzien, E. and McGuire, S. (2001). A framework for analyzing participatory plant breeding approaches and results. Euphytica 122:439450.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Stirling, C. M., Harris, D. and Witcombe, J. R. (2006). Managing an agricultural research programme for poverty alleviation in developing countries: an institute without walls. Experimental Agriculture 42:127146.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sumberg, J. (2005). Constraints to the adoption of agricultural innovations: is it time for a rethink? Outlook on Agriculture 34:710.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sumberg, J. and Reece, D. (2004). Agricultural research through a ‘new product development’ lens. Experimental Agriculture 40:295314.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sumberg, J., Okali, C. and Reece, D. (2003). Agricultural research in the face of diversity, local knowledge and the participation imperative: theoretical considerations.Agricultural Systems 76:739753.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Virk, D. S., Chakraborty, M., Ghosh, J., Prasad, S. C. and Witcombe, J. R. (2005). Increasing the client orientation of maize breeding using farmer participation in eastern India. Experimental Agriculture 41:413426.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Watts, J., Horton, D., Douthwaite, B., La Rovere, R., Thiele, G., Prasad, S., Staver, C. and Gray, K. (2007). Broadening impact assessment to enhance learning: experience with institutional learning and change in the CGIAR. Experimental Agriculture 44:2135.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Witcombe, J. R., Petre, R., Jones, S. and Joshi, A. (1999). Farmer participatory crop improvement. IV. The spread and impact of a rice variety identified by participatory varietal selection. Experimental Agriculture 35:471487.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Witcombe, J. R., Joshi, K. D., Gyawali, S., Musa, A. M., Johansen, C., Virk, D. S. and Sthapit, B. R. (2005a). Participatory plant breeding is better described as highly client-oriented plant breeding. I. Four indicators of client-orientation in plant breeding. Experimental Agriculture 41:299319.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Witcombe, J. R., Gyawali, S., Sunwar, S., Sthapit, B. R. and Joshi, K. D. (2005b). Participatory plant breeding is better described as highly client-oriented plant breeding. II. Optimum farmer collaboration in the segregating generations. Experimental Agriculture 42:7990.CrossRefGoogle Scholar