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Does inoculation with native rhizobia enhance nitrogen fixation and yield of cowpea through legume-based intercropping in the northern mountainous areas of Vietnam?

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  18 December 2020

Trung Thanh Nguyen Open the ORCID record for Trung Thanh Nguyen [Opens in a new window] ,
Mary Atieno ,
Laetitia Herrmann ,
Sutkhet Nakasathien Open the ORCID record for Sutkhet Nakasathien [Opens in a new window] ,
Ed Sarobol ,
Arunee Wongkaew ,
Kien Tri Nguyen  and
Didier Lesueur Open the ORCID record for Didier Lesueur [Opens in a new window]
Trung Thanh Nguyen
Affiliation:
Department of Agrochemistry, Faculty of Land Management, Vietnam National University of Agriculture, Hanoi, Vietnam Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand Alliance of Bioversity International and CIAT, Multifunctional Landscape Lever, Asia hub, Common Microbial Biotechnology Platform (CMBP), Hanoi, Vietnam
Mary Atieno
Affiliation:
Alliance of Bioversity International and CIAT, Multifunctional Landscape Lever, Asia hub, Common Microbial Biotechnology Platform (CMBP), Hanoi, Vietnam
Laetitia Herrmann
Affiliation:
Alliance of Bioversity International and CIAT, Multifunctional Landscape Lever, Asia hub, Common Microbial Biotechnology Platform (CMBP), Hanoi, Vietnam
Sutkhet Nakasathien
Affiliation:
Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand
Ed Sarobol
Affiliation:
Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand
Arunee Wongkaew
Affiliation:
Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand
Kien Tri Nguyen
Affiliation:
Alliance of Bioversity International and CIAT, Multifunctional Landscape Lever, Asia hub, Common Microbial Biotechnology Platform (CMBP), Hanoi, Vietnam
Didier Lesueur*
Affiliation:
CIRAD, Performance of Tropical Production and Processing Systems Department, UMR Eco&Sols, Hanoi, Vietnam Eco&Sols, Univ Montpellier, CIRAD, INRAE, IRD, Montpellier SupAgro, Montpellier, France Alliance of Bioversity International and CIAT, Multifunctional Landscape Lever, Asia hub, Common Microbial Biotechnology Platform (CMBP), Hanoi, Vietnam School of Life and Environmental Science, Faculty of Science, Engineering and Built Environment, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
*
*Corresponding author: Email: d.lesueur@cgiar.org
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Abstract

In the Northern mountainous region of Vietnam, cassava–cowpea intercropping system has been widely promoted with support from the local agricultural department. However, cowpea yield is often limited because of a low Biological Nitrogen Fixation (BNF) activity due to its low natural nodulation and lack of available effective Rhizobium products. The aim of this study was to identify the most effective native rhizobia isolate nodulating cowpea with the potential to increase BNF and yield of cowpea. A greenhouse experiment was initially conducted with five treatments: three native rhizobia isolates (CMBP037, CMBP054, and CMBP065); a control (no inoculation and no N application); and N+ (no inoculation, application of N as KNO3). Field inoculations were carried out and the treatments were as follows: a control (no inoculation); CMBP (037+054) – a mixture of strains from Mau Dong; CMBP065 strain from Cat Thinh. CMBP054 and CMBP065 had the highest nodulation in the greenhouse (46.4 and 60.7 nodules plant−1, respectively) and were rated as effective with symbiotic efficiency (SEF) of 54.56 and 55.73%, respectively. In the field, CMBP (037+054) recorded significantly higher nodulation (19.4 nodules plant−1) than the control (11.7 nodules plant−1). CMBP (037+054) also increased cowpea shoot dry weight, shoot N, and yield by 28.6, 4.9, and 10.5%, respectively, compared to the uninoculated control. This effect was slope dependent (statistically significant in moderate and steep slope, not with gentle slope). Besides, the high expansion rate of intercropping with cowpea showed the high adoption level of these agroecological practices by local farmers. This study reveals the potential of native rhizobia inoculation to enhance soil fertility and sustainable agriculture in the Northern mountainous region of Vietnam and proposes enhanced efforts to promote the availability and utilization of effective inoculants for cowpea.

Keywords

CowpeaRhizobiaBiological Nitrogen FixationIntercroppingAgroecology
Type
Research Article
Information
Experimental Agriculture , Volume 56 , Issue 6 , December 2020 , pp. 825 - 836
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Copyright
© The Author(s), 2020. Published by Cambridge University Press

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