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Development in Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata). III. Effects of Temperature and Photoperiod on Time to Flowering in Photoperiod-sensitive Genotypes and Screening for Photothermal Responses

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  03 October 2008

P. Q. Craufurd ,
A. Qi ,
R. J. Summerfield ,
R. H. Ellis  and
E. H. Roberts
P. Q. Craufurd
Affiliation:
International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (LITA), Kano Station, Sabo Bakin Zuwo Road, PMB 3112, Kano, Nigeria
A. Qi
Affiliation:
The University of Reading, Department of Agriculture, Plant Environment Laboratory, Cutbush Lane, Shinfield, Reading RG2 9AD, Berkshire, England
R. J. Summerfield
Affiliation:
The University of Reading, Department of Agriculture, Plant Environment Laboratory, Cutbush Lane, Shinfield, Reading RG2 9AD, Berkshire, England
R. H. Ellis
Affiliation:
The University of Reading, Department of Agriculture, Plant Environment Laboratory, Cutbush Lane, Shinfield, Reading RG2 9AD, Berkshire, England
E. H. Roberts
Affiliation:
The University of Reading, Department of Agriculture, Plant Environment Laboratory, Cutbush Lane, Shinfield, Reading RG2 9AD, Berkshire, England
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Summary

Seventeen photoperiod-sensitive genotypes of cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) were grown in approximately 30 photothermal environments in Nigeria. Photoperiods ranged from 10 to 16 h d−1, mean temperatures from 19° to 30°C and times from sowing to flowering (f) from 32 to 140 d. Rate of progress towards flowering (1/f) was related to mean pre-flowering values of temperature and photoperiod using simple linear rate models comprising one, two or three planes (thermal, photothermal and insensitive). There were no significant differences (p > 0.25) among genotypes in response to temperature within the thermal plane and the common base temperature was estimated to be 7.6°C. Photoperiod-sensitivity varied by a factor of 15 among genotypes, and the critical and ceiling photoperiods varied from 12.2 to 13.4 and from 13.8 to more than 16 h d−1 at a mean temperature of 27°C, respectively. These simple models satisfactorily predicted f in an independent data set (R2 = 0.62) for plants grown in the main cowpea growing seasons at latitudes between 7° and 13°N. The utility of photothermal models and methods to screen for photothermal responses are discussed.

Type
Research Article
Information
Experimental Agriculture , Volume 32 , Issue 1 , January 1996 , pp. 29 - 40
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1996

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References

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