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Utility of DSM-5 section III personality traits in differentiating borderline personality disorder from comparison groups

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  23 March 2020

B. Bach ,
M. Sellbom ,
S. Bo  and
E. Simonsen
B. Bach*
Affiliation:
Psychiatric Research Unit, Region Zealand, Fælledvej 6Slagelse4200, Denmark
M. Sellbom
Affiliation:
Department of Psychology, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
S. Bo
Affiliation:
Psychiatric Research Unit, Region Zealand, Fælledvej 6Slagelse4200, Denmark
E. Simonsen
Affiliation:
Psychiatric Research Unit, Region Zealand, Fælledvej 6Slagelse4200, Denmark Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
*
* Corresponding author. Tel.: +45 58 53 60 70. E-mail address:bobachsayad@gmail.com (B. Bach).
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Abstract

Objective

Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD) is a highly prevalent diagnosis in mental health care and includes a heterogeneous constellation of symptoms. As the field of personality disorder (PD) research moves to emphasize dimensional traits in its operationalization, it is important to determine how the alternative DSM-5 Section III personality trait dimensions differentiates such features in BPD patients versus comparison groups. To date, no study has attempted such validation.

Method

The current study examined the utility of the DSM-5 trait dimensions in differentiating patients with the categorical DSM-IV/5 diagnosis of BPD (n = 101) from systematically matched samples of other PD patients (n = 101) and healthy controls (n = 101). This was investigated using one-way ANOVA and multinomial logistic regression analyses.

Results

Results indicated that Emotional Lability, Risk Taking, and Suspiciousness uniquely differentiated BPD patients from other PD patients, whereas Emotional Lability, Depressivity, and Suspiciousness uniquely differentiated BPD patients from healthy controls.

Conclusion

Emotional Lability is in particular a key BPD feature of the proposed Section III model, whereas Suspiciousness also augments essential BPD features. Provided that these findings are replicated cross-culturally in forthcoming research, a more parsimonious traits operationalization of BPD features is warranted.

Keywords

PID-5Borderline Personality DisorderDSM-5 Section IIIPersonality TraitsCriteria
Type
Original article
Information
European Psychiatry , Volume 37 , September 2016 , pp. 22 - 27
Copyright
Copyright © European Psychiatric Association 2016

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