Cognitive remediation (CR) has proved to be effective in improving cognition, symptoms and psychosocial functioning in schizophrenia and other psychoses, but its impact on the use of psychiatric services and patterns of care of patients suffering from these diseases is still scarcely known. In fact, it would be particularly relevant to know if such intervention may have any modifying effect on use of services and costs of treatments. There is preliminary evidence that such an impact does exist, with possible reduction of number and duration of hospitalizations and of long-term residential stays and consequent reduced costs of inpatient treatment. On the other hand, community treatment costs could be increased as an effect of a shift of psychiatric and psychosocial interventions from inpatient to outpatient activities. A critical review of the existing literature on the issue will be provided, together with a discussion of the impact of this shift towards the attainment of increased functional and social recovery in the individual patient.