Hostname: page-component-8448b6f56d-dnltx Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-04-19T22:32:55.730Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Developing cognitive-emotional training exercises as interventions for mood and anxiety disorders

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  15 April 2020

B.M. Iacoviello*
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine, Mount Sinai, NY, USA
D.S. Charney
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine, Mount Sinai, NY, USA
*
*Corresponding author. One Gustave L Levy Pl, Box 1230, New York, NY 10029, USA. Tel.: +21 2 241 6383; fax: +21 2241 3354. E-mail address:brian.iacoviello@mssm.edu (B.M. Iacoviello).
Get access

Abstract

There is an urgent need for more effective treatments for mood and anxiety disorders. As our understanding of the cognitive and affective neuroscience underlying psychiatric disorders expands, so do opportunities to develop novel interventions that capitalize on the capacity for brain plasticity. Cognitive training is one such strategy. This paper provides the background and rationale for developing cognitive-emotional training exercises as an intervention strategy, and proposes guidelines for the development and evaluation of cognitive training interventions with a specific focus on major depressive disorder as an example.

Type
Review
Copyright
Copyright © Elsevier Masson SAS 2015

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Armstrong, T, Olatunji, BO. Eye tracking of attention in the affective disorders: a meta-analytic review and synthesis. Clin Psychol Rev 2012;32:704723.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Baer, R. Mindfulness training as a clinical intervention: a conceptual and empirical review. Clin Psychol 2003;10:125143.Google Scholar
Bar-Haim, Y. Research review: attention bias modification (ABM): a novel treatment for anxiety disorders. J Child Psychol Psychiatry 2010;51:859870.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Beauregard, M, Paquette, V, Levesque, J. Dysfunction in the neural circuitry of emotional self-regulation in major depressive disorder. Neuroreport 2006;17:843846.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Blackwell, SE, Holmes, EA. Modifying interpretation and imagination in clinical depression: a single case series using cognitive bias modification. Appl Cogn Psychol 2010;24:338350.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Calabrese, F, Molteni, R, Racagni, G, Riva, MA. Neuronal plasticity: a link between stress and mood disorders. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2009;34(Suppl. 1):S208S216.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Calkins, AW, McMorran, KE, Siegle, GJ, Otto, MW. The effects of computerized cognitive control training on community adults with depressed mood. Behav Cogn Psychother 2014;3:112 [Epub ahead of print].Google Scholar
Chiesa, A, Calati, R, Serretti, A. Does mindfulness training improve cognitive abilities? A systematic review of neuropsychological findings. Clin Psychol Rev 2011;31:449464.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Costafreda, SG, Brammer, MJ, David, AS, Fu, CH. Predictors of amygdala activation during the processing of emotional stimuli: a meta-analysis of 385 PET and fMRI studies. Brain Res Rev 2008;58:5770.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Cramer, SC, Sur, M, Dobkin, BH, O’Brien, C, Sanger, TD, Trojanowski, JQ, et al.Harnessing neuroplasticity for clinical applications. Brain 2011;134:15911609.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Davidson, RJ. Affective style, psychopathology, and resilience: brain mechanisms and plasticity. Am Psychol 2000;55:11961214.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Davis, D, Hayes, J. What are the benefits to mindfulness? A practice review of psychotherapy-related research. Psychotherapy 2011;48:198208.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Davis, RN, Nolen-Hoeksema, S. Cognitive inflexibility among ruminators and nonruminators. Cogn Ther Res 2000;24:699711.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Denson, TF, Pedersen, WC, Ronquillo, J, Nandy, AS. The angry brain: neural correlates of anger, angry rumination, and aggressive personality. J Cognitive Neurosci 2009;21:734744.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
DeRubeis, RJ, Siegle, GJ, Hollon, SD. Cognitive therapy versus medication for depression: treatment outcomes and neural mechanisms. Nature Rev Neurosci 2008;9:788796.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Disner, SG, Beevers, CG, Haigh, EA, Beck, AT. Neural mechanisms of the cognitive model of depression. Nature Rev Neurosci 2011;12:467477.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Drevets, WC. Neuroimaging and neuropathological studies of depression: implications for the cognitive-emotional features of mood disorders. Current Opin Neurobiol 2001;11:240249.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Drevets, WC, Videen, TO, Price, JL, Preskorn, SH, Carmichael, ST, Raichle, ME. A functional anatomical study of unipolar depression. J Neurosci 1992;12:36283641.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Epstein, J, Pan, H, Kocsis, JH, Yang, Y, Butler, T, Chusid, J, et al.Lack of ventral striatal response to positive stimuli in depressed versus normal subjects. Am J Psychiatry 2006;163:17841790.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Eriksson, PS, Perfilieva, E, Bjork-Eriksson, T, Alborn, AM, Nordborg, C, Peterson, DA, et al.Neurogenesis in the adult human hippocampus. Nat Med 1998;4:13131317.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Fales, CL, Barch, DM, Rundle, MM, Mintun, MA, Snyder, AZ, Cohen, JD, et al.Altered emotional interference processing in affective and cognitive-control brain circuitry in major depression. Biol Psychiatry 2008;63:377384.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Fossati, P, Hevenor, SJ, Graham, SJ, Grady, C, Keightley, ML, Craik, F, et al.In search of the emotional self: an fMRI study using positive and negative emotional words. Am J Psychiatry 2003;160:19381945.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Gotlib, IH, Hamilton, JP. Neuroimaging and depression: current status and unresolved issues. Curr Direct Psychol Sci 2008;17:159163.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gould, E, Reeves, AJ, Fallah, M, Tanapat, P, Gross, CG, Fuchs, E. Hippocampal neurogenesis in adult Old World primates. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1999;96:52635267.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Gould, E, Reeves, AJ, Graziano, MS, Gross, CG. Neurogenesis in the neocortex of adult primates. Science 1999;286:548552.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Greicius, MD, Flores, BH, Menon, V, Glover, GH, Solvason, HB, Kenna, H, et al.Resting-state functional connectivity in major depression: abnormally increased contributions from subgenual cingulate cortex and thalamus. Biol Psychiatry 2007;62:429437.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Gusnard, DA, Akbudak, E, Shulman, GL, Raichle, ME. Medial prefrontal cortex and self-referential mental activity: relation to a default mode of brain function. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2001;98:42594264.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Hakamata, Y, Lissek, S, Bar-Haim, Y, Britton, JC, Fox, NA, Leibenluft, E, et al.Attention bias modification treatment: a meta-analysis toward the establishment of novel treatment for anxiety. Biol Psychiatry 2010;68:982990.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Heller, AS, Johnstone, T, Shackman, AJ, Light, SN, Peterson, MJ, Kolden, GG, et al.Reduced capacity to sustain positive emotion in major depression reflects diminished maintenance of fronto-striatal brain activation. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2009;106:2244522450.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Hirsch, CR, Mathews, A, Clark, DM. Inducing an interpretation bias changes self-imagery: a preliminary investigation. Behav Res Ther 2007;45:21732181.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Iacoviello, BM, Wu, G, Alvarez, E, Huryk, K, Collins, K, Murrough, J, et al.Cognitive-emotional training as an intervention for major depressive disorder. Depress Anxiety 2014;31:699706.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Jaeggi, SM, Buschkuehl, M, Jonides, J, Perrig, WJ. Improving fluid intelligence with training on working memory. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2008;105:68296833.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Jermann, F, Van der Linden, M, Laurencon, M, Schmitt, B. Recollective experience during recognition of emotional words in clinical depression. J Psychopathol Behav Assessment 2009;31:2735.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Johnstone, T, van Reekum, CM, Urry, HL, Kalin, NH, Davidson, RJ. Failure to regulate: counterproductive recruitment of top-down prefrontal-subcortical circuitry in major depression. J Neurosci 2007;27:88778884. http://dx.doi.org/10.1523/JNEUROSCI.2063-07.2007.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Joormann, J. Cognitive inhibition and emotion regulation in depression. Curr Direct Psychol Sci 2010;19:161166.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Joormann, J, Levens, SM, Gotlib, IH. Sticky thoughts: depression and rumination are associated with difficulties manipulating emotional material in working memory. Psychol Sci 2011;22:979983.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kessler, RC, Berglund, P, Demler, O, Jin, R, Koretz, D, Merikangas, KR, et al.The epidemiology of major depressive disorder: results from the National Comorbidity Survey Replication (NCS-R). JAMA 2003;289:30953105.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Klumpp, H, Amir, N. Preliminary study of attention training to threat and neutral faces on anxious reactivity to a social stressor in social anxiety. Cogn Ther Res 2010;34:263271.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kourrich, S, Bonci, ASynaptic and Neural Plasticity. In: Charney, DS., Nestler, EJ, Sklar, P, Buxbaum, JD, editors. Neurobiology of mental illness. 4th ed., New York: Oxford University Press; 2013.Google Scholar
Kross, E, Davidson, M, Weber, J, Ochsner, K:. Coping with emotions past: the neural bases of regulating affect associated with negative autobiographical memories. Biol Psychiatry 2009;65:361366.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
LeDoux, JEThe emotional brain: the mysterious underpinnings of emotional life. New York: Simon & Schuster; 1996.Google Scholar
LeDoux, JE. Emotion circuits in the brain. Annu Rev Neurosci 2000;23:155184.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lee, H, Dvorak, D, Kao, HY, Duffy, AM, Scharfman, HE, Fenton, AA. Early cognitive experience prevents adult deficits in a neurodevelopmental schizophrenia model. Neuron 2012;75:714724.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lemogne, C, le Bastard, G, Mayberg, H, Volle, E, Bergouignan, L, Lehericy, S, et al.In search of the depressive self: extended medial prefrontal network during self-referential processing in major depression. Soc Cogn Affect Neurosci 2009;4:305312.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Lemogne, C, Gorwood, P, Bergouignan, L, Pelissolo, A, Lehericy, S, Fossati, P. Negative affectivity, self-referential processing and the cortical midline structures. Soc Cogn Affect Neurosci 2011;6:426433.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Levens, SM, Gotlib, IH. Impaired selection of relevant positive information in depression. Depress Anxiety 2009;26:403410.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Lim, DA, Alvarez-Buylla, A. Interaction between astrocytes and adult subventricular zone precursors stimulates neurogenesis. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1999;96:75267531.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Mathews, A, Mackintosh, B. Induced emotional interpretation bias and anxiety. J Abnorm Psychol 2000;109:602615.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Mayberg, HS, Liotti, M, Brannan, SK, McGinnis, S, Mahurin, RK, Jerabek, PA, et al.Reciprocal limbic-cortical function and negative mood: converging PET findings in depression and normal sadness. Am J Psychiatry 1999;156:675682.Google ScholarPubMed
Miyake, A, Shah, PModels of working memory: mechanisms of active maintenance and executive control. New York: Cambridge University Press; 1999.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
National Institutes of Health Translational Research for the Development of Novel Interventions for Mental Disorders; 2011 Available from:http://www.nimh.nih.gov/research-funding/grants/concept-clearances/2011/translational-research-for-the-development-of-novel-interventions-for-mental-disorders.shtml.Google Scholar
Nestler, EJ, Carlezon, WA Jr.. The mesolimbic dopamine reward circuit in depression. Biol Psychiatry 2006;59:11511159.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Neta, M, Whalen, PJ. Individual differences in neural activity during a facial expression vs. identity working memory task. NeuroImage 2011;56:16851692.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Nolen-Hoeksema, S, Wisco, BE, Lyubomirsky, S. Rethinking rumination. Perspect Psychol Sci 2008;3:400424.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Ochsner, KN, Gross, JJ. The cognitive control of emotion. Trends Cogn Sci 2005;9:242249.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Ochsner, KN, Bunge, SA, Gross, JJ, Gabrieli, JD. Rethinking feelings: an fMRI study of the cognitive regulation of emotion. J Cogn Neurosci 2002;14:12151229.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Ochsner, KN, Ray, RD, Cooper, JC, Robertson, ER, Chopra, S, Gabrieli, JD, et al.For better or for worse: neural systems supporting the cognitive down- and up-regulation of negative emotion. NeuroImage 2004;23:483499.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Owens, M, Koster, E, Derakshan, N. Impaired filtering efficiency in dysphoria: an ERP study. Social Cognit Affect Neurosci 2012;7:752763.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Owens, M, Koster, E, Derakshan, N. Improving attention control in dysphoria through cognitive training: effects on working memory capacity and filtering efficiency. Psychophysiology 2013;50:297307.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Pascual-Leone, A, Amedi, A, Fregni, F, Merabet, LB. The plastic human brain cortex. Annu Rev Neurosci 2005;28:377401.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Phillips, ML, Drevets, WC, Rauch, SL, Lane, R. Neurobiology of emotion perception II: implications for major psychiatric disorders. Biol Psychiatry 2003;54:515528.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Pichon, S, Rieger, SW, Vuilleumier, P. Persistent affective biases in human amygdala response following implicit priming with negative emotion concepts. Neuroimage 2012;62:16101621.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Price, JL, Drevets, WC. Neurocircuitry of mood disorders. Neuropsychopharmacology 2010;35:192216.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Ray, RD, Ochsner, KN, Cooper, JC, Robertson, ER, Gabrieli, JD, Gross, JJ. Individual differences in trait rumination and the neural systems supporting cognitive reappraisal. Cogn Affect Behav Neurosci 2005;5:156168.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Rush, AJ, Trivedi, MH, Wisniewski, SR, Nierenberg, AA, Stewart, JW, Warden, D, et al.Acute and longer-term outcomes in depressed outpatients requiring one or several treatment steps: a STAR*D report. Am J Psychiatry 2006;163:19051917.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Seminowicz, DA, Mayberg, HS, McIntosh, AR, Goldapple, K, Kennedy, S, Segal, Z, et al.Limbic-frontal circuitry in major depression: a path modeling metanalysis. Neuroimage 2004;22:409418.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Shankle, WR, Rafii, MS, Landing, BH, Fallon, JH. Approximate doubling of numbers of neurons in postnatal human cerebral cortex and in 35 specific cytoarchitectural areas from birth to 72 months. Pediatr Dev Pathol 1999;2:244259.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Sheline, YI, Barch, DM, Donnelly, JM, Ollinger, JM, Snyder, AZ, Mintun, MA. Increased amygdala response to masked emotional faces in depressed subjects resolves with antidepressant treatment: an fMRI study. Biol Psychiatry 2001;50:651658.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Sheline, YI, Barch, DM, Price, JL, Rundle, MM, Vaishnavi, SN, Snyder, AZ, et al.The default mode network and self-referential processes in depression. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2009;106:19421947.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Siegle, GJ, Steinhauer, SR, Thase, ME, Stenger, VA, Carter, CS. Can’t shake that feeling: event-related fMRI assessment of sustained amygdala activity in response to emotional information in depressed individuals. Biol Psychiatry 2002;51:693707.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Siegle, GJ, Ghinassi, F, Thase, ME. Neurobehavioral therapies in the 21st century: summary of an emerging field and an extended example of cognitive control training for depression. Cognitive Ther Res 2007;31:235262.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Siegle, GJ, Thompson, W, Carter, CS, Steinhauer, SR, Thase, ME. Increased amygdala and decreased dorsolateral prefrontal BOLD responses in unipolar depression: related and independent features. Biol Psychiatry 2007;61:198209.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Teasdale, J, Segal, Z, Williams, JMG. How does cognitive therapy prevent depressive relapse and why should attentional control (mindfulness) training help?. Behav Res Ther 1994;33:2539.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Trivedi, MH, Rush, AJ, Wisniewski, SR, Nierenberg, AA, Warden, D, Ritz, L, et al.Evaluation of outcomes with citalopram for depression using measurement-based care in STAR*D: implications for clinical practice. Am J Psychiatry 2006;163:2840.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Vinogradov, S, Fisher, M, de Villers-Sidani, E. Cognitive training for impaired neural systems in neuropsychiatric illness. Neuropsychopharmacology 2012;37:4376.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Wager, TD, Smith, EE. Neuroimaging studies of working memory: a meta-analysis. Cogn Affect Behav Neurosci 2003;3:255274.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Warden, MR, Selimbeyoglu, A, Mirzabekov, JJ, Lo, M, Thompson, KR, Kim, SY, et al.A prefrontal cortex-brainstem neuronal projection that controls response to behavioural challenge. Nature 2012;492:428432.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Wells, T, Beevers, C. Biased attention and dysphoria: manipulating selective attention reduces subsequent depressive symptoms. Cognition Emotion 2010;24:719728.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
World Health Organization, Mental health: new understanding: new hope. Geneva, Switzerland: World Health Organization; 2001.Google Scholar
Yang, W, Ding, Z, Dai, T, Peng, F, Zhang, JXAttention bias modification training in individuals with depressive symptoms: a randomized controlled trial. J Behav Ther Exp Psychiatry 2014 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jbtep.2014.08.005.Google ScholarPubMed
Yoshimura, S, Okamoto, Y, Onoda, K, Matsunaga, M, Ueda, K, Suzuki, S, et al.Rostral anterior cingulate cortex activity mediates the relationship between the depressive symptoms and the medial prefrontal cortex activity. J Affect Disord 2010;122:7685.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Zhao, M, Momma, S, Delfani, K, Carlen, M, Cassidy, RM, Johansson, CB, et al.Evidence for neurogenesis in the adult mammalian substantia nigra. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2003;100:79257930.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Submit a response

Comments

No Comments have been published for this article.