Hostname: page-component-76fb5796d-25wd4 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-04-25T07:42:27.166Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

The pathogenic properties of Fusobacterium and Bacteroides species from wallabies and other sources

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  19 October 2009

G. R. Smith ,
Janet C. Oliphant  and
R. Parsons
G. R. Smith
Affiliation:
Nuffield Laboratories of Comparative Medicine, Institute of Zoology, The Zoological Society of London, Regent's Park, London NWl 4RY
Janet C. Oliphant
Affiliation:
Nuffield Laboratories of Comparative Medicine, Institute of Zoology, The Zoological Society of London, Regent's Park, London NWl 4RY
R. Parsons
Affiliation:
Nuffield Laboratories of Comparative Medicine, Institute of Zoology, The Zoological Society of London, Regent's Park, London NWl 4RY
Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Summary

Core share and HTML view are not available for this content. However, as you have access to this content, a full PDF is available via the ‘Save PDF’ action button.

Intracerebral inoculation was more effective than intraperitoneal, intravenous or subcutaneous inoculation as a means of producing lethal infections with Fusobacterium necrophorum in mice. Strains varied in virulence but, of five examined, two had LD50 values as low as ca. 8000 and 14000 viable organisms. Profuse bacterial multiplication in the brain was demonstrated. Intravenous vaccination with a single large dose of heat-killed whole culture or washed bacterial cells failed to protect against intracerebral challenge.

Intracerebral injection of other fusobacteria (F. nucleatum, F. varium and F. necrogenes) and of 22 strains belonging to 10 Bacteroides spp. was without apparent effect on mice, except for a slight transient illness in some animals given B. fragilis. This organism (five strains) differed from the other Bacteroides spp. tested, which included eight strains belonging to the fragilis group, in being eliminated more slowly from the mouse brain – a point that may be relevant to the special pathogenicity of B. fragilis in endogenous infections in man. There was no evidence that B. fragilis multiplied in the brain or that intravenous vaccination with a large dose of heat-killed homologous culture affected the rate at which it was eliminated.

Type
Research Article
Information
Journal of Hygiene , Volume 92 , Issue 2 , April 1984 , pp. 165 - 175
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1984

References

REFERENCES

Abe, P. M., Holland, J. W. & Stauffer, L. R. (1978). Immunization of mice against Fusobacterium necrophorum infection by parenteral or oral administration of vaccine. American Journal of Veterinary Research 39, 115–118.Google ScholarPubMed
Ashton, D. G. (1982). In the Scientific Report of the Zoological Society of London 1979–1981. Journal of Zoology, London 197, 91–92.Google Scholar
Berkhoff, G. A. (1978). Recovery and identification of anaerobes in veterinary medicine: a 2-year experience. Veterinary Microbiology 2, 237–252.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Beveridge, W. I. B. (1934). A study of twelve strains of Bacillus necrophorus, with observations on the oxygen intolerance of the organism. Journal of Pathology and Bacteriology 38, 467–491.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bjornson, A. B., Altemeir, W. A. & Bjornson, H. S. (1976). Comparison of the in vitro bactericidal activity of human serum and leukocytes against Bacteroides fragilis and Fusobacterium mortiferum in aerobic and anaerobic environments. Infection and Immunity 14, 843–847.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Burton, J. D. (1981). Studies into aspects of lumpy jaw in macropods. Ph.D. thesis, University of Melbourne.Google Scholar
Cameron, C. M. & Fuls, W. J. P. (1977). Failure to induce in rabbits effective immunity to a mixed infection of Fusobacterium necrophorum and Corynebacterium pyogenes with a combined bacterin. Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research 44, 253–256.Google ScholarPubMed
Casciato, D. A., Rosenblatt, J. E., Goldberg, L. S. & Bluestone, R. (1975). In vitro interaction of Bacteroides fragilis with polymorphonuclear leukocytes and serum factors. Infection and Immunity 11, 337–342.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Deacon, A. G., Duerden, B. I. & Holbrook, W. P. (1978). Gas-liquid chromatographic analysis of metabolic products in the identification of Bacteroidaceae of clinical interest. Journal of Medical Microbiology 11, 81–99.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Diena, B. B., Ashton, F. E., Ryan, A. & Wallace, R. (1978). The lipopolysaccharide (R type) as a common antigen of Neisseria gonorrhoeae. I. Immunizing properties. Canadian Journal of Microbiology 24, 117–123.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Duerden, B. I., Collee, J. G., Brown, R., Deacon, A. G. & Holbrook, W. P. (1980). A scheme for the identification of clinical isolates of gram-negative anaerobic bacilli by conventional bacteriological tests. Journal of Medical Microbiology 13, 231–245.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Egerton, J. R. & Roberts, D. S. (1971). Vaccination against foot rot. Journal of Comparative Pathology 81, 179–185.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Egertgn, J. R. & Thorley, C. M. (1981). Effect of alum-precipitated or oil-adjuvant Bacteroides nodosus vaccines on the resistance of sheep to experimental foot rot. Research in Veterinary Science 30, 28–31.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ellis, T. M. & Barrett, J. T. (1982). Characterization of opsonins for Bacteroides fragilis in immune sera collected from experimentally infected mice. Infection and Immunity 35, 929–936.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Finnie, E. P. (1976). Necrobacillosis in kangaroos. In Wildlife Diseases (ed. by Page, L. A.), pp. 511–518. Proceedings of the 3rd International Wildlife Diseases Conference, Munich 1975. New York: Plenum Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Fox, H. (1923). Disease in Captive Wild Mammals and Birds, pp. 570–595. Philadelphia, London and Chicago: J. B. Lippincott.Google Scholar
Garcia, M. M., Charlton, K. M. & McKay, K. A. (1977). Hepatic lesions and bacterial changes in mice during infection of Fusobacterium necrophorum. Canadian Journal of Microbiology 23, 1465–1477.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Garcia, M. M., Dorward, W. J., Alexander, D. C., Magwood, S. E. & McKay, K. A. (1974). Results of a preliminary trial with Sphaerophorus necrophorus toxoids to control liver abscesses in feedlot cattle. Canadian Journal of Comparative Medicine 38, 222–226.Google ScholarPubMed
Hirsh, D. C., Biberstein, E. L. & Jang, S. S. (1979). Obligate anaerobes in clinical veterinary practice. Journal of Clinical Microbiology 10, 188–191.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Ingham, H. R., Sisson, P. R., Tharagonnet, D., Selkon, J. B. & Codd, A. A. (1977). Inhibition of phagocytosis in vitro by obligate anaerobes. Lancet ii, 1252–1254.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kasper, D. L., Hayes, M. E., Reinap, B. G., Craft, F. O., Onderdonk, A. B. & Polk, B. F. (1977). Isolation and identification of encapsulated strains of Bacteroides fragilis. Journal of Infectious Diseases 136, 75–81.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kasper, D. L. & Onderdonk, A. B. (1982). Infection with Bacteroides fragilis: pathogenesis and immunoprophylaxis in an animal model. Scandinavian Journal of Infectious Diseases (supplement) 31, 28–33.Google ScholarPubMed
Keane, C., Taylor, M. R. H., Wilson, P., Smith, L., Cunningham, B., Devine, P. & English, L. F. (1977). Bacteroides ruminicola as a possible cause of ‘lumpy jaw’ in Bennett's wallabies. Veterinary Microbiology 2, 179–183.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kendrick, P. L., Eldering, G., Dixon, M. K. & Misner, J. (1947). Mouse protection tests in the study of pertussis vaccine. American Journal of Public Health 37, 803–810.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lanoworth, B. F. (1977). Fusobacterium necrophorum: its characteristics and role as an animal pathogen. Bacteriological Reviews 41, 373–390.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Love, D. N., Jones, R. F., Bailey, M. & Johnson, R. S. (1979). Isolation and characterization of bacteria from abscesses in the subcutis of cats. Journal of Medical Microbiology 12, 207–212.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Maestrone, G., Sadek, S., Kubacki, E. & Mitrovic, M. (1975). Sphaerophorus necrophorus: laboratory model for the evaluation of chemotherapeutic agents in mice. Cornell Veterinarian 65, 187–204.Google ScholarPubMed
Norton, J. F. & Dingle, J. H. (1935). Virulence tests for typhoid bacilli and antibody relationships in antityphoid sera. American Journal of Public Health 25, 609–617.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Oliphant, J. C., Parsons, R. & Smith, G. R. (1984). The aetiological agents of necrobacillosis in captive wallabies. Research in Veterinary Sciences. In the press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Onderdonk, A. B., Kasper, D. L., Cisneros, R. L. & Bartlett, J. G. (1977). The capsular polysaccharide of Bacteroides fragilis as a virulence factor: comparison of the pathogenic potential of encapsulated and unencapsulated strains. Journal of Infectious Diseases 136, 82–89.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Prescott, J. F. (1979). Identification of some anaerobic bacteria in nonspecific anaerobic infections in animals. Canadian Journal of Comparative Medicine 43, 194–199.Google ScholarPubMed
Reed, L. J. & Muench, H. (1938). A simple method of estimating fifty per cent endpoints. American Journal of Hygiene 27, 493–497.Google Scholar
Simon, G. L., Klempner, M. S., Kasper, D. L. & Gorbach, S. L. (1982). Alterations in opsonocytophagic killing by neutrophils of Bacteroides fragilis associated with animal and laboratory passage: effect of capsular polysaccharide. Journal of Infectious Diseases 145, 72–77.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Smith, G. R. (1959). Experimental infections of Pasteurella haemolytica in mice and their use in demonstrating passive immunity. Journal of Comparative Pathology 68, 455–468.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sorensen, G. H. (1978). Bacteriological examination of summer mastitis secretions. The demonstration of Bacteriodaceae. Nordisk Veterinärmedicin 30, 199–204.Google Scholar
Standfast, A. F. B. (1958). The comparison between field trials and mouse protection tests against intranasal and intracerebral challenge with Bordetella pertussis. Immunology 2, 135–143.Google Scholar
Watts, P. S. & McLean, S. J. (1956). Bacteroides infection in kangaroos. Journal of Comparative Pathology 66, 159–162.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Wilkins, T. D. & Smith, L. Ds. (1974). Chemotherapy of an experimental Fusobacterium (Sphaerophorus) necrophorum infection in mice. Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 5, 658–662.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed