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Experimental transplacental transmission of porcine cytomegalovirus

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  15 May 2009

N. Edington ,
R. G. Watt ,
W. Plowrights ,
A. E. Wrathall  and
J. T. Done
N. Edington
Affiliation:
Royal Veterinary College, London, NW 1 OTU
R. G. Watt
Affiliation:
Royal Veterinary College, London, NW 1 OTU
W. Plowrights
Affiliation:
Royal Veterinary College, London, NW 1 OTU
A. E. Wrathall
Affiliation:
Central Veterinary Laboratory, New Haw, Weybridge, Surrey
J. T. Done
Affiliation:
Central Veterinary Laboratory, New Haw, Weybridge, Surrey
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Summary

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Six serologically negative sows were infected by intranasal instillation of porcine cytomegalovirus (PCMV) between 31 and 85 days of pregnancy. Four sows showed an afebrile anorexia and lethargy 14–25 days after infection and all 6 developed significant increases in indirect immunofluorescent (IIF) antibody titres within 35 days. Virus was recovered from nasal and/or cervical swabs from 2 sows during life and from lung macrophage cultures after death.

At term the sows were killed and their fetuses harvested by caesarean section. The number of mummified and stillborn fetuses increased from 4/63 in 6 previous litters to 18/60 in the 6 present litters. Nine of 43 fetuses born alive were reared in isolators for up to 6 weeks but the majority were killed for examination on the day of birth. Virus was isolated from 16 piglets from 4 of the 6 litters examined; it was isolated most frequently from lungs and liver but also from spleen, kidney, brain and nasal mucosa. Unsuckled day-old pigs had insignificant IIF titres, irrespective of whether they were excreting virus or not. The 5 congenital excretors which were reared all died within 7 days but no deaths occurred among their 4 litter-mates. Post-natal infection of 2 of these piglets reared in contact with congenitally infected pigs was suggested by the recovery of virus from nasal swabs 17 and 27 days after birth and the subsequent rise in IIF titre to 1/256 by day 42.

Type
Research Article
Information
Journal of Hygiene , Volume 78 , Issue 2 , April 1977 , pp. 243 - 251
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1977

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