Hostname: page-component-76fb5796d-wq484 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-04-25T10:31:18.442Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

The Distribution of Seabird Biomass in the Australian Antarctic Territory: Implications for Conservation

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  24 August 2009

Eric J. Woehler
Affiliation:
Ornithologist, Australian Antarctic Division, Department of the Arts, Sport, the Environment, Tourism and Territories, Channel Highway, Kingston, Tasmania 7050, Australia

Extract

The minimum total breeding seabird biomass in the Australian Antarctic Territory was estimated to be 9,971.1 t, dominated by Emperor Penguins, 3,863 t (38.7%) and Adélie Penguins, 5,825 t (58.4%). The 5° sector between 75°E and 80°E, in south-east Prydz Bay, held 35% of the total AAT seabird biomass. Prydz Bay has been shown to be an area of high productivity, and the concentration of seabird biomass in this area reflects the high biomass of prey species and the availability of nesting habitat in the Vestfold Hills, a large ice-free area adjacent to Prydz Bay. Activities associated With research stations are believed to be the only factors that have impacted on breeding seabird populations to date, but minerals activities, tourism and support facilities, and a Krill fishery, are future conservation issues that will have an impact on this major concentration of seabird biomass in East Antarctica.

Type
Main Papers
Copyright
Copyright © Foundation for Environmental Conservation 1990

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Ainley, D.G., O'Connor, E.F. & Boekelheide, R.J. (1984). The marine ecology of birds in the Ross Sea, Antarctica. American Ornithologists' Union Monograph, 32, pp. 197.Google Scholar
Alonso, J.C., Johnstons, G.W., Hindell, M., Osborne, P. & Guard, R. (1987). Les aves del Monolito Scullin, Antarctida Oriental (67°47′S 66°42′E). Pp. 375–86 in Actas Segundo Symposium Espanol de Estudios Antarcticos (Ed. J. Castellri): x + 447 pp., illustr.Google Scholar
Anon. (1987). Bird Biology Subcommittee of the SCAR Working Group on Biology: Minutes of the meeting of 9–10 June, San Diego, California. Cormorant, 14, pp. 6379.Google Scholar
Barker, R.J. (1977). A biological reconnaissance of the Bunger Hills, March 1977. Antarctic Division Technical Memorandum, 67, pp. 155.Google Scholar
Budd, W.A. (1984). Scientific research in Antarctica and Australia's effort. Pp. 217–47 in Australia's Antarctic Policy Options (Ed. Harris, S.). Centre for Resource and Environmental Studies, Canberra: Australian National University, ACT, Australia: xxi + 412 pp., illustr.Google Scholar
Commonwealth of Australia (1985). The Natural Resources of the Australian Antarctic Territory. (Senate Standing Committee on National Resources.) Australian Government Publishing Service, Canberra, Australia: xix + 184 pp., illustr.Google Scholar
Cowan, A.N. (1983). A modified penguin stomach tube. Corella, 7. pp. 5961.Google Scholar
Croxall, J.P. (1984). Seabirds. Pp. 533619 in Antarctic Ecology (Ed. Laws, R.M.). Vol. 2. Academic Press, London, England, UK: xvii + 850 pp., illustr.Google Scholar
Croxall, J.P. (1987). The status and conservation of Antarctic seals and seabirds: A review. Environment International, 13, pp. 5570.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Croxall, J.P. & Prince, P.A. (1981). A preliminary assessment of the impact of seabirds on marine resources at South Georgia. Comité National François des Recherches Antarctiques, 51, pp. 501–9.Google Scholar
Croxall, J.P. & Prince, P.A. (1987). Seabirds as predators on marine resources, especially Krill, at South Georgia. Pp. 347–68 in Seabirds: Feeding Ecology and Role in Marine Ecosystems (Ed. Croxall, J.P.). Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, England, UK: viii + 408 pp., illustr.Google Scholar
Croxall, J.P., Ricketts, C. & Prince, P.A. (1984). Impact of seabirds on marine resources, especially Krill, of South Georgia waters. Pp. 285317 in Seabird Energetics (Eds Whittow, G.C. & Rahn, H.). Plenum, New York, NY, USA: xii + 328 pp., illustr.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Croxall, J.P., Prince, P.A. & Ricketts, C. (1985). Relationships between prey life-cycles and the extent, nature and timing of seal and seabird predation in the Scotia Sea. Pp. 516–33 in Antarctic Nutrient Cycles and Food Webs (Eds Siegfried, W.R., Condy, P.R., & Laws, R.M.). Springer-Verlag, Berlin, FRG: xiv + 700 pp., illustr.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Croxall, J.P., McCann, T.S., Prince, P.A. & Rothery, P. (1988). Reproductive performance of seabirds and seals at South Georgia and Signy Island, South Orkney Islands, 1976–1987: Implications for Southern Ocean Monitoring Studies. Pp. 261–85 in Antarctic Ocean and Resources Variability (Ed. Sahrhage, D.). Springer Verlag, Berlin, FRG: xi + 304 pp., illustr.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Culik, B., Adelung, D. & Woakes, A.J. (in press). Effects of Stress on Adélie Penguins (Pygoscelis adeliae) during the Breeding Season. Proceedings of the Fifth SCAR Symposium on Antarctic Biology.Google Scholar
El-Sayed, S.Z. & Taguchi, S. (1981). Primary production and standing crop of phytoplankton along the ice-edge in the Weddell Sea. Deep-Sea Research, 28A, pp. 1017–32.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
El-Sayed, S.Z. & Turner, J.T. (1977). Productivity of the Antarctic and tropical/subtropical regions: A comparative study. Pp. 463503 in Polar Oceans (Ed. Dunbar, M.J.). ICSU, Calgary, Alberta, Canada: x + 682 pp., illustr.Google Scholar
El-Sayed, S.Z., Biggs, D.C. & Holm-Hansen, O. (1983). Phytoplankton standing crop, primary productivity, and nearsurface nitrogenous nutrient fields in the Ross Sea, Antarctica. Deep-Sea Research, 30A, pp. 871–86.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Emison, W.B. (1968). Feeding preferences of the Adélie Penguin at Cape Crozier, Ross Island. Pp. 191212 in Antarctic Bird Studies (Ed. Austin, O.L.). Antarctic Research Series, Washington, DC, 12: xi + 262 pp., illustr.Google Scholar
Green, K. & Johnstons, G.W. (1986). Breeding distribution and abundance of surface-nesting petrels in the Rauer Islands. East Antarctica. AN ARE Research Notes, 35, 54 pp.Google Scholar
Green, K. & Johnstons, G.W. (1988). Changes in the diet of Adelie Penguins breeding in East Antarctica. Australian Wildlife Research, 15. pp. 103–10.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Griffiths, A.M., Siegfried, W.R. & Abrams, R.W. (1982). Ecological structure of a pelagic seabird community in the southern ocean. Polar Biology, 1, pp. 3946.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hampton, I. (1983). Preliminary report on the FIBEX acoustic work to estimate the abundance of Euphausia superba. Proceedings of the National Institute of Polar Research. Special Issue 27, pp. 165–75.Google Scholar
Heezik, Y. van (1988). Diet of Adélie Penguins during the incubation period at Cape Bird, Ross Island, Antarctica. Notornis, 35, pp. 23–6.Google Scholar
Heymann, G., Erasmus, T., Huntley, B.J., Liebenberg, A.C., Retief, G. de F., Condy, P.R. & Westhuysen, O.A. van der (1987). Report to the Minister of Environment Affairs on an environmental impact assessment of a proposed emergency landing facility on Marion Island — 1987. South African National Scientific Programmes Report, 140, pp. 1209.Google Scholar
Higginbottom, I.R., Kerry, K.R. & Wayte, S.E. (1988). Hydroacoustic surveys of the distribution and abundance of Krill: Prydz Bay region — FIBEX, ADBEX II and SIBEX II, MV Nella Dan. ANARE Research Notes, 62, pp. 145, illustr.Google Scholar
Horne, R.S.C. (1983). The distribution of penguin breeding colonies on the Australian Antarctic Territory, Heard Island, the McDonald Islands, and Macquarie Island. ANARE Research Notes, 9, pp. 182, illustr.Google Scholar
Hosie, G.W., Ikeda, T. & Stolp, M. (1988). Distribution, abundance and population structure of the Antarctic Krill (Euphausia superba Dana) in the Prydz Bay region, Antarctica. Polar Biology, 8, pp. 213–24.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Humphries, S.E. (1987 a). FIBEX cruise to the Prydz Bay region, 1981: Nutrient data. ANARE Research Notes, 43, pp. 153, illustr.Google Scholar
Humphries, S.E. (1987 b) SIBEX II cruise to the Prydz Bay region, 1985: Nutrient data. ANARE Research Notes, 45, pp. 1101, illustr.Google Scholar
Ikeda, T., Hosie, G. & Stolp, M. (1986). SIBEX II cruise krill/zooplankton data. ANARE Research Notes, 32, pp. 170, illustr.Google Scholar
Johnstone, G.W., Lugg, D.J. & Brown, D.A. (1973). The biology of the Vestfold Hills, Antarctica. ANARE Scientific Reports Series B(1), x + 62 pp., illustr.Google Scholar
Lovering, J.F. & Prescott, J.R.V. (1979). Last of Lands, Antarctica. Melbourne University Press, Melbourne, Australia: v + 212 pp., illustr.Google Scholar
O'Sullivan, D. (1983). Krill research shows large numbers present in AAT waters. Australian Fisheries, 42, pp. 15–8.Google Scholar
Paulin, C.D. (1975). Feeding of the Adélie Penguin Pygoscelis adeliae. Mauri Ora, 3, pp. 2730.Google Scholar
Pryor, M.E. (1968). The avifauna of Haswell Island, Antarctica. Pp. 5782 in Antarctic Bird Studies (Ed. Austin, O.L.). Antarctic Research Series, Washington, DC, 12: xi + 262 pp., illustr.Google Scholar
Puddicombe, R.A. & Johnstone, G.W. (1988). The breeding season diet of Adélie Penguins at the Vestfold Hills, East Antarctica. Hydrobiologia, 165, pp. 239–53.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Quilty, P.G. (1984). Mineral resources of the Australian Antarctic Territory. Pp. 165203 in Australia's Antarctic Policy Options (Ed. Harris, S.). Centre for Resource and Environmental Studies, Canberra: Australian National University, ACT, Australia: xxi + 412 pp., illustr.Google Scholar
Ridoux, V. & Offredo, C. (1989). The diets of five summer breeding seabirds in Adélie Land, Antarctica. Polar Biology, 9, 137–45.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
SC-CAMLR (1986). Report of the Fifth Meeting of the Scientific Committee. Scientific Committee for the Conservation of Antarctic Marine Living Resources, Hobart; Australia: 271 pp.Google Scholar
SC-CAMLR (1987). Report of the Sixth Meeting of the Scientific Committee. Scientific Committee for the Conservation of Antarctic Marine Living Resources, Hobart, Australia: 263 pp.Google Scholar
SC-CAMLR (1988). Standard Methods for Monitoring Parameters of Predatory Species. Scientific Committee for the Conservation of Antarctic Marine Living Resources, CCAMLR Ecosystem Monitoring Program, Hobart, Australia: 61 pp.Google Scholar
Smith, N.R., Dong, Z., Kerry, K.R. & Wright, S. (1984). Water masses and circulation in the region of Prydz Bay, Antarctica. Deep Sea Research, 31, pp. 1121–47.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Stallman, S.E. (1983). Gazetteer of the Australian Antarctic Territory. ANARE Research Notes, 15, pp. 150.Google Scholar
Thomas, P.G. & Green, K. (1988). Distribution of Euphausia crystallorophias within Prydz Bay and its importance to the inshore ecosystem. Polar Biology, 8, pp. 327–31.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Whitehead, M.D., Johnstone, G.W. & Burton, H.R. (in press). Annual Fluctuations in Productivity and Breeding Success of Adélie Penguins and Fulmarine Petrels in Prydz Bay, Antarctica. Proceedings of the Fifth SCAR Symposium on Antarctic Biology.Google Scholar
Williams, R. (1985). The potential impact of a Krill fishery upon pelagic fish in the Prydz Bay area of Antarctica. Polar Biology, 5, pp. 14.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Williams, R. (1988). Australian Research on Antarctic and Subantarctic Bird and Seal Diets. SC-CAMLR-VII/B9/32, pp. 114.Google Scholar
Wilson, G.J. (1979). Oiled penguins in Antarctica. New Zealand Antarctic Record, 2(2), 3 pp.Google Scholar
Wilson, G.J. (1983). Distribution and Abundance of Antarctic and sub-Antarctic Penguins: A Synthesis of Current Knowledge. Cambridge, England, UK: SCAR: v + 46 pp., illustr.Google Scholar
Wilson, G.J., Taylor, R.H. & Barton, K.J. (in press). The Impact of Man on Adélie Penguins at Cape Hallett. Proceedings of the Fifth SCAR Symposium on Antarctic Biology.Google Scholar
Woehler, E.J. & Johnstone, G.W. (in press). The Status and Conservation of the Seabirds of the Australian Antarctic Territory. ICBP Technical Publication.Google Scholar
Woehler, E.J., Tierney, T.J. & Burton, H.R. (1989) The distribution and abundance of Adélie Penguins Pygoscelis adeliae at the Vestfold Hills. ANARE Research Notes, 70, pp. 141, illustr.Google Scholar
Wright, S.W. (1987). Phytoplankton pigment data: Prydz Bay region — SIBEX II, MV Nella Dan, January 1985. ANARE Research Notes, 58, pp. 1102, illustr.Google Scholar